Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study

Interest in essential oils has consistently increased in recent years. Essential oils have a large variety of applications in multiple fields, including in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile fraction (VF) in hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) fits within this d...

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Autores principales:	Lorenzo Lamberti, Giorgio Grillo, Lorenzo Gallina, Diego Carnaroglio, Farid Chemat, Giancarlo Cravotto
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	green extraction hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) microwave-assisted hydrodistillation terpenes pilot-scale extraction Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a20f01d6afea43cf96c7111a9b022564
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a20f01d6afea43cf96c7111a9b0225642021-11-25T17:34:52ZMicrowave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study10.3390/foods101127262304-8158https://doaj.org/article/a20f01d6afea43cf96c7111a9b0225642021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2726https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158Interest in essential oils has consistently increased in recent years. Essential oils have a large variety of applications in multiple fields, including in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile fraction (VF) in hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) fits within this domain as it is primarily used in the brewery industry for the aromatization of beer, and is responsible for the floral and fruity tones. This work aims to design an optimized extraction protocol of the VF from hops, using microwaves. Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) has been developed to reduce energy and time consumption in lab-scale reactors up to industrial-scale systems. Hops are principally available in three forms, according to a brewery’s applications: (i) fresh (FH); (ii) dried (DH) and (iii) pelletized (PH). In this work, all three forms have therefore been studied and the recovered volatiles characterized by means of GC-MS. The optimized lab-scale MAHD protocol gave the best extraction yield of 20.5 mL<sub>VF</sub>/kg<sub>dry matrix</sub> for FH. This value underwent a slight contraction when working at the highest matrix amount (3 kg), with 17.3 mL<sub>VF</sub>/kg<sub>dry matrix</sub> being achieved. Further tests were then performed in a pilot reactor that is able to process 30 kg of material. In this case, high yield increases were observed for PH and DH; quadruple and double the lab-scale yields, respectively. In addition, this industrial-scale system also provided marked energy savings, practically halving the absorbed kJ/mL<sub>VF</sub>.Lorenzo LambertiGiorgio GrilloLorenzo GallinaDiego CarnaroglioFarid ChematGiancarlo CravottoMDPI AGarticlegreen extractionhops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.)microwave-assisted hydrodistillationterpenespilot-scale extractionChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2726, p 2726 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	green extraction hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) microwave-assisted hydrodistillation terpenes pilot-scale extraction Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	green extraction hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) microwave-assisted hydrodistillation terpenes pilot-scale extraction Chemical technology TP1-1185 Lorenzo Lamberti Giorgio Grillo Lorenzo Gallina Diego Carnaroglio Farid Chemat Giancarlo Cravotto Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study
description	Interest in essential oils has consistently increased in recent years. Essential oils have a large variety of applications in multiple fields, including in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile fraction (VF) in hops (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) fits within this domain as it is primarily used in the brewery industry for the aromatization of beer, and is responsible for the floral and fruity tones. This work aims to design an optimized extraction protocol of the VF from hops, using microwaves. Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) has been developed to reduce energy and time consumption in lab-scale reactors up to industrial-scale systems. Hops are principally available in three forms, according to a brewery’s applications: (i) fresh (FH); (ii) dried (DH) and (iii) pelletized (PH). In this work, all three forms have therefore been studied and the recovered volatiles characterized by means of GC-MS. The optimized lab-scale MAHD protocol gave the best extraction yield of 20.5 mL<sub>VF</sub>/kg<sub>dry matrix</sub> for FH. This value underwent a slight contraction when working at the highest matrix amount (3 kg), with 17.3 mL<sub>VF</sub>/kg<sub>dry matrix</sub> being achieved. Further tests were then performed in a pilot reactor that is able to process 30 kg of material. In this case, high yield increases were observed for PH and DH; quadruple and double the lab-scale yields, respectively. In addition, this industrial-scale system also provided marked energy savings, practically halving the absorbed kJ/mL<sub>VF</sub>.
format	article
author	Lorenzo Lamberti Giorgio Grillo Lorenzo Gallina Diego Carnaroglio Farid Chemat Giancarlo Cravotto
author_facet	Lorenzo Lamberti Giorgio Grillo Lorenzo Gallina Diego Carnaroglio Farid Chemat Giancarlo Cravotto
author_sort	Lorenzo Lamberti
title	Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study
title_short	Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study
title_full	Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study
title_fullStr	Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study
title_full_unstemmed	Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study
title_sort	microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of hop (<i>humulus lupulus</i> l.) terpenes: a pilot-scale study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a20f01d6afea43cf96c7111a9b022564
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Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation of Hop (<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.) Terpenes: A Pilot-Scale Study

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