The Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
The comprehensive results regarding the physicochemical properties of carbonaceous materials that are obtained from pistachio shells support their usage as solid fuels to supply direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs). The influence of preparation conditions on variations in the chemical com...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:a21c04757927439097913c0dc6d6be7d2021-11-25T18:13:18ZThe Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells10.3390/ma142267551996-1944https://doaj.org/article/a21c04757927439097913c0dc6d6be7d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6755https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944The comprehensive results regarding the physicochemical properties of carbonaceous materials that are obtained from pistachio shells support their usage as solid fuels to supply direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs). The influence of preparation conditions on variations in the chemical composition, morphology of the biochar powders, and degree of graphitization of carbonaceous materials were investigated. Based on structural investigations (X-ray diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy), it was observed that disordered carbon particles developed during the application of thermal treatments. The use of X-ray fluorescence enabled a comparative analysis of the chemical composition of the inorganic matter in biocarbon-based samples. Additionally, the gasification of carbonaceous-based samples vs. time at a temperature of 850 °C was investigated in a H<sub>2</sub>O or CO<sub>2</sub> gas atmosphere. The analysis demonstrated the conversion rate of biochar obtained from pistachio shells to H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and CO during steam gasification. The electrochemical investigations of the DC-SOFCs that were supplied with biochars obtained from pistachio shells were characterized by satisfactory values for the current and power densities at a temperature range of 700–850 °C. However, a higher power output of the DC-SOFCs was observed when CO<sub>2</sub> was introduced to the anode chamber. Therefore, the impact of the Boudouard reaction on the performance of DC-SOFCs was confirmed. The chars that were prepared from pistachio shells were adequate for solid fuels for utilization in DC–SOFCs.Magdalena DudekBartosz AdamczykPrzemysław GrzywaczRadosław LachMaciej SitarzMagdalena LeśniakMarcin GajekKrzysztof MechMałgorzata WilkAlicja Rapacz-KmitaMagdalena ZiąbkaPiotr DudekMDPI AGarticledirect carbon solid oxide fuel cellspistachio shellsgasificationBoudouard reactionTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6755, p 6755 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells pistachio shells gasification Boudouard reaction Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 |
| spellingShingle |
direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells pistachio shells gasification Boudouard reaction Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Magdalena Dudek Bartosz Adamczyk Przemysław Grzywacz Radosław Lach Maciej Sitarz Magdalena Leśniak Marcin Gajek Krzysztof Mech Małgorzata Wilk Alicja Rapacz-Kmita Magdalena Ziąbka Piotr Dudek The Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| description |
The comprehensive results regarding the physicochemical properties of carbonaceous materials that are obtained from pistachio shells support their usage as solid fuels to supply direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs). The influence of preparation conditions on variations in the chemical composition, morphology of the biochar powders, and degree of graphitization of carbonaceous materials were investigated. Based on structural investigations (X-ray diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy), it was observed that disordered carbon particles developed during the application of thermal treatments. The use of X-ray fluorescence enabled a comparative analysis of the chemical composition of the inorganic matter in biocarbon-based samples. Additionally, the gasification of carbonaceous-based samples vs. time at a temperature of 850 °C was investigated in a H<sub>2</sub>O or CO<sub>2</sub> gas atmosphere. The analysis demonstrated the conversion rate of biochar obtained from pistachio shells to H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and CO during steam gasification. The electrochemical investigations of the DC-SOFCs that were supplied with biochars obtained from pistachio shells were characterized by satisfactory values for the current and power densities at a temperature range of 700–850 °C. However, a higher power output of the DC-SOFCs was observed when CO<sub>2</sub> was introduced to the anode chamber. Therefore, the impact of the Boudouard reaction on the performance of DC-SOFCs was confirmed. The chars that were prepared from pistachio shells were adequate for solid fuels for utilization in DC–SOFCs. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Magdalena Dudek Bartosz Adamczyk Przemysław Grzywacz Radosław Lach Maciej Sitarz Magdalena Leśniak Marcin Gajek Krzysztof Mech Małgorzata Wilk Alicja Rapacz-Kmita Magdalena Ziąbka Piotr Dudek |
| author_facet |
Magdalena Dudek Bartosz Adamczyk Przemysław Grzywacz Radosław Lach Maciej Sitarz Magdalena Leśniak Marcin Gajek Krzysztof Mech Małgorzata Wilk Alicja Rapacz-Kmita Magdalena Ziąbka Piotr Dudek |
| author_sort |
Magdalena Dudek |
| title |
The Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| title_short |
The Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| title_full |
The Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| title_fullStr |
The Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Utilisation of Solid Fuels Derived from Waste Pistachio Shells in Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| title_sort |
utilisation of solid fuels derived from waste pistachio shells in direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/a21c04757927439097913c0dc6d6be7d |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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