Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.

Blood group systems were the first phenotypic markers used in anthropology to decipher the origin of populations, their migratory movements, and their admixture. The recent emergence of new technologies based on the decoding of nucleic acids from an individual's entire genome has relegated them...

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Autores principales:	Silvana Condemi, Stéphane Mazières, Pierre Faux, Caroline Costedoat, Andres Ruiz-Linares, Pascal Bailly, Jacques Chiaroni
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a2343d29dd5548a7b44315bb86b45523
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a2343d29dd5548a7b44315bb86b455232021-12-02T20:09:04ZBlood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0254175https://doaj.org/article/a2343d29dd5548a7b44315bb86b455232021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254175https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Blood group systems were the first phenotypic markers used in anthropology to decipher the origin of populations, their migratory movements, and their admixture. The recent emergence of new technologies based on the decoding of nucleic acids from an individual's entire genome has relegated them to their primary application, blood transfusion. Thus, despite the finer mapping of the modern human genome in relation to Neanderthal and Denisova populations, little is known about red cell blood groups in these archaic populations. Here we analyze the available high-quality sequences of three Neanderthals and one Denisovan individuals for 7 blood group systems that are used today in transfusion (ABO including H/Se, Rh (Rhesus), Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS, Diego). We show that Neanderthal and Denisova were polymorphic for ABO and shared blood group alleles recurrent in modern Sub-Saharan populations. Furthermore, we found ABO-related alleles currently preventing from viral gut infection and Neanderthal RHD and RHCE alleles nowadays associated with a high risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Such a common blood group pattern across time and space is coherent with a Neanderthal population of low genetic diversity exposed to low reproductive success and with their inevitable demise. Lastly, we connect a Neanderthal RHD allele to two present-day Aboriginal Australian and Papuan, suggesting that a segment of archaic genome was introgressed in this gene in non-Eurasian populations. While contributing to both the origin and late evolutionary history of Neanderthal and Denisova, our results further illustrate that blood group systems are a relevant piece of the puzzle helping to decipher it.Silvana CondemiStéphane MazièresPierre FauxCaroline CostedoatAndres Ruiz-LinaresPascal BaillyJacques ChiaroniPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0254175 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Silvana Condemi Stéphane Mazières Pierre Faux Caroline Costedoat Andres Ruiz-Linares Pascal Bailly Jacques Chiaroni Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.
description	Blood group systems were the first phenotypic markers used in anthropology to decipher the origin of populations, their migratory movements, and their admixture. The recent emergence of new technologies based on the decoding of nucleic acids from an individual's entire genome has relegated them to their primary application, blood transfusion. Thus, despite the finer mapping of the modern human genome in relation to Neanderthal and Denisova populations, little is known about red cell blood groups in these archaic populations. Here we analyze the available high-quality sequences of three Neanderthals and one Denisovan individuals for 7 blood group systems that are used today in transfusion (ABO including H/Se, Rh (Rhesus), Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS, Diego). We show that Neanderthal and Denisova were polymorphic for ABO and shared blood group alleles recurrent in modern Sub-Saharan populations. Furthermore, we found ABO-related alleles currently preventing from viral gut infection and Neanderthal RHD and RHCE alleles nowadays associated with a high risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Such a common blood group pattern across time and space is coherent with a Neanderthal population of low genetic diversity exposed to low reproductive success and with their inevitable demise. Lastly, we connect a Neanderthal RHD allele to two present-day Aboriginal Australian and Papuan, suggesting that a segment of archaic genome was introgressed in this gene in non-Eurasian populations. While contributing to both the origin and late evolutionary history of Neanderthal and Denisova, our results further illustrate that blood group systems are a relevant piece of the puzzle helping to decipher it.
format	article
author	Silvana Condemi Stéphane Mazières Pierre Faux Caroline Costedoat Andres Ruiz-Linares Pascal Bailly Jacques Chiaroni
author_facet	Silvana Condemi Stéphane Mazières Pierre Faux Caroline Costedoat Andres Ruiz-Linares Pascal Bailly Jacques Chiaroni
author_sort	Silvana Condemi
title	Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.
title_short	Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.
title_full	Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.
title_fullStr	Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.
title_full_unstemmed	Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.
title_sort	blood groups of neandertals and denisova decrypted.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a2343d29dd5548a7b44315bb86b45523
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Blood groups of Neandertals and Denisova decrypted.

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