Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention

An innovative dry SNCR method realized by a sorbent injection applied to a stoker furnace is presented. The process is based on urea powder admixed with halloysite, an aluminosilicate clay mineral. Field tests were performed at an industrial stoker hot water boiler of 30 MW<sub>th</sub>...

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Autores principales:	Robert Wejkowski, Sylwester Kalisz, Mateusz Tymoszuk, Szymon Ciukaj, Izabella Maj
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	NO<sub>x</sub> emission control SNCR fly ash mercury Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a2570d7565454496b14953b86ebe6c60
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a2570d7565454496b14953b86ebe6c602021-11-25T17:28:46ZFull-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention10.3390/en142277871996-1073https://doaj.org/article/a2570d7565454496b14953b86ebe6c602021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/22/7787https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073An innovative dry SNCR method realized by a sorbent injection applied to a stoker furnace is presented. The process is based on urea powder admixed with halloysite, an aluminosilicate clay mineral. Field tests were performed at an industrial stoker hot water boiler of 30 MW<sub>th</sub> capacity. A unique nozzle design for injecting powdery sorbents into the combustion zone was implemented. The base NO<sub>x</sub> emission without SNCR was determined to be 365 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>. During the reference test, the emission was reduced to avg. 175 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>, which produces a NO<sub>x</sub> reduction of 52%. NH<sub>3</sub> slip in the flue gas was stable and did not exceed 2 ppm. Combining urea and halloysite powders leads to a number of positive effects; not only is NO<sub>x</sub> emission reduced to values typical for wet SNCR, but also a significant, over ten-fold increase in the concentration of adsorbed mercury in fly ash was observed. When confronted with wet SNCR, dry SNCR has no adverse effect on boiler efficiency because it does not increase the stack heat loss. The presented method can be used in any small- or medium-scale furnace, including waste-to-energy units or medical and hazardous waste incineration units.Robert WejkowskiSylwester KaliszMateusz TymoszukSzymon CiukajIzabella MajMDPI AGarticleNO<sub>x</sub>emission controlSNCRfly ashmercuryTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7787, p 7787 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	NO<sub>x</sub> emission control SNCR fly ash mercury Technology T
spellingShingle	NO<sub>x</sub> emission control SNCR fly ash mercury Technology T Robert Wejkowski Sylwester Kalisz Mateusz Tymoszuk Szymon Ciukaj Izabella Maj Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention
description	An innovative dry SNCR method realized by a sorbent injection applied to a stoker furnace is presented. The process is based on urea powder admixed with halloysite, an aluminosilicate clay mineral. Field tests were performed at an industrial stoker hot water boiler of 30 MW<sub>th</sub> capacity. A unique nozzle design for injecting powdery sorbents into the combustion zone was implemented. The base NO<sub>x</sub> emission without SNCR was determined to be 365 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>. During the reference test, the emission was reduced to avg. 175 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>, which produces a NO<sub>x</sub> reduction of 52%. NH<sub>3</sub> slip in the flue gas was stable and did not exceed 2 ppm. Combining urea and halloysite powders leads to a number of positive effects; not only is NO<sub>x</sub> emission reduced to values typical for wet SNCR, but also a significant, over ten-fold increase in the concentration of adsorbed mercury in fly ash was observed. When confronted with wet SNCR, dry SNCR has no adverse effect on boiler efficiency because it does not increase the stack heat loss. The presented method can be used in any small- or medium-scale furnace, including waste-to-energy units or medical and hazardous waste incineration units.
format	article
author	Robert Wejkowski Sylwester Kalisz Mateusz Tymoszuk Szymon Ciukaj Izabella Maj
author_facet	Robert Wejkowski Sylwester Kalisz Mateusz Tymoszuk Szymon Ciukaj Izabella Maj
author_sort	Robert Wejkowski
title	Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention
title_short	Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention
title_full	Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention
title_fullStr	Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention
title_full_unstemmed	Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention
title_sort	full-scale investigation of dry sorbent injection for no<sub>x</sub> emission control and mercury retention
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a2570d7565454496b14953b86ebe6c60
work_keys_str_mv	AT robertwejkowski fullscaleinvestigationofdrysorbentinjectionfornosubxsubemissioncontrolandmercuryretention AT sylwesterkalisz fullscaleinvestigationofdrysorbentinjectionfornosubxsubemissioncontrolandmercuryretention AT mateusztymoszuk fullscaleinvestigationofdrysorbentinjectionfornosubxsubemissioncontrolandmercuryretention AT szymonciukaj fullscaleinvestigationofdrysorbentinjectionfornosubxsubemissioncontrolandmercuryretention AT izabellamaj fullscaleinvestigationofdrysorbentinjectionfornosubxsubemissioncontrolandmercuryretention
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Full-Scale Investigation of Dry Sorbent Injection for NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Control and Mercury Retention

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