Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control

Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control

Abstract Background Reductions in crime are often reported following substance use treatment. We explore the relationship between desistance from crime, treatment type, treatment retention and positive changes in known risk factors for crime. Methods We used data from the NorComt-study; a longitudin...

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Autores principales: Ingeborg Skjærvø, Thomas Clausen, Svetlana Skurtveit, Anne Bukten
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: BMC 2021
Materias:
Substance use treatment
Treatment retention
Desistance
Crime
Stimulants
Amphetamine
Psychiatry
RC435-571
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/a25bced9885545299fb365e7a734dce5
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:a25bced9885545299fb365e7a734dce52021-11-14T12:08:33ZDesistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control10.1186/s12888-021-03518-21471-244Xhttps://doaj.org/article/a25bced9885545299fb365e7a734dce52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03518-2https://doaj.org/toc/1471-244XAbstract Background Reductions in crime are often reported following substance use treatment. We explore the relationship between desistance from crime, treatment type, treatment retention and positive changes in known risk factors for crime. Methods We used data from the NorComt-study; a longitudinal study of substance users (n = 341) enrolled in comprehensive treatment in Norway (2012–2015). At treatment initiation (T0) and 1 year later (T1), we collected self-reported data on criminal involvement, treatment, substance use, social network and self-control. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results Overall, 1 year following treatment initiation 69% reported desistance from crime, 18% reported continued crime and 12% reported no crime at all in the study period. Desistance was high for OMT patients in ongoing treatment (79% desisted) and for inpatients regardless of treatment status (79–93% desisted), while not as high among OMT patients with interrupted treatment (47% desisted). For participants that continued crime during follow-up, the average number of criminal acts per month was reduced (p < 0.001). Desistance at follow-up was associated with being older (aOR: 1.05, CI: 1.00–1.10), inpatient treatment (aOR: 3.71, CI: 1.12–12.29), being in ongoing treatment (inpatient or OMT) (aOR: 2.90, CI: 1.01–8.36), having no stimulant use in the study period (aOR: 4.86, CI: 1.72–13.70), leaving a substance using social network (aOR 2.87, CI: 1.15–7.18) and improvement in self-control score (aOR: 1.08, CI: 1.04–1.13). Conclusions Retention in treatment is particularly important for crime outcomes among OMT patients. Positive changes in social network and self-control are potential contributors to desistance from crime. Targeted interventions towards crime reduction are recommended for patients with stimulant use, which appears to be a persistent risk factor for crime over time.Ingeborg SkjærvøThomas ClausenSvetlana SkurtveitAnne BuktenBMCarticleSubstance use treatmentTreatment retentionDesistanceCrimeStimulantsAmphetaminePsychiatryRC435-571ENBMC Psychiatry, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Substance use treatment
Treatment retention
Desistance
Crime
Stimulants
Amphetamine
Psychiatry
RC435-571
spellingShingle Substance use treatment
Treatment retention
Desistance
Crime
Stimulants
Amphetamine
Psychiatry
RC435-571
Ingeborg Skjærvø
Thomas Clausen
Svetlana Skurtveit
Anne Bukten
Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control
description Abstract Background Reductions in crime are often reported following substance use treatment. We explore the relationship between desistance from crime, treatment type, treatment retention and positive changes in known risk factors for crime. Methods We used data from the NorComt-study; a longitudinal study of substance users (n = 341) enrolled in comprehensive treatment in Norway (2012–2015). At treatment initiation (T0) and 1 year later (T1), we collected self-reported data on criminal involvement, treatment, substance use, social network and self-control. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results Overall, 1 year following treatment initiation 69% reported desistance from crime, 18% reported continued crime and 12% reported no crime at all in the study period. Desistance was high for OMT patients in ongoing treatment (79% desisted) and for inpatients regardless of treatment status (79–93% desisted), while not as high among OMT patients with interrupted treatment (47% desisted). For participants that continued crime during follow-up, the average number of criminal acts per month was reduced (p < 0.001). Desistance at follow-up was associated with being older (aOR: 1.05, CI: 1.00–1.10), inpatient treatment (aOR: 3.71, CI: 1.12–12.29), being in ongoing treatment (inpatient or OMT) (aOR: 2.90, CI: 1.01–8.36), having no stimulant use in the study period (aOR: 4.86, CI: 1.72–13.70), leaving a substance using social network (aOR 2.87, CI: 1.15–7.18) and improvement in self-control score (aOR: 1.08, CI: 1.04–1.13). Conclusions Retention in treatment is particularly important for crime outcomes among OMT patients. Positive changes in social network and self-control are potential contributors to desistance from crime. Targeted interventions towards crime reduction are recommended for patients with stimulant use, which appears to be a persistent risk factor for crime over time.
format article
author Ingeborg Skjærvø
Thomas Clausen
Svetlana Skurtveit
Anne Bukten
author_facet Ingeborg Skjærvø
Thomas Clausen
Svetlana Skurtveit
Anne Bukten
author_sort Ingeborg Skjærvø
title Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control
title_short Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control
title_full Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control
title_fullStr Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control
title_full_unstemmed Desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control
title_sort desistance from crime following substance use treatment: the role of treatment retention, social network and self-control
publisher BMC
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/a25bced9885545299fb365e7a734dce5
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AT thomasclausen desistancefromcrimefollowingsubstanceusetreatmenttheroleoftreatmentretentionsocialnetworkandselfcontrol
AT svetlanaskurtveit desistancefromcrimefollowingsubstanceusetreatmenttheroleoftreatmentretentionsocialnetworkandselfcontrol
AT annebukten desistancefromcrimefollowingsubstanceusetreatmenttheroleoftreatmentretentionsocialnetworkandselfcontrol
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