Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties

<i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. (Moringaceae) is revered as s ‘miracle tree’ due to its remarkable nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses. In our study, a comparative analysis of the nutritional parameters (antioxidant activity, sugar content—TSS, total soluble proteins—TSP and mineral...

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Autores principales:	Bilques Farooq, Bhupendra Koul, Deveshi Mahant, Dhananjay Yadav
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Jaffna HPLC FRAP moringin MTT assay HepG2 Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a26974f15be24a40a916c256867e9661
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a26974f15be24a40a916c256867e96612021-11-25T18:45:39ZPhytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties10.3390/plants101123482223-7747https://doaj.org/article/a26974f15be24a40a916c256867e96612021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2348https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747<i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. (Moringaceae) is revered as s ‘miracle tree’ due to its remarkable nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses. In our study, a comparative analysis of the nutritional parameters (antioxidant activity, sugar content—TSS, total soluble proteins—TSP and mineral contents), phytochemicals (HPLC analysis of four anticancer compounds), and cytotoxicity of <i>M. oleifera</i> leaf extracts (MLEs) of five selected varieties (conventional, PKM-1, PKM-2, ODC, and Jaffna), was performed. Jaffna variety possessed the highest antioxidant activity (FRAP) followed by other four varieties. The trend observed was: Jaffna (9.47 µg/mL, 18.48 µg/mL, 29.39 µg/mL, and 35.37 µg/mL) > PKM-1 (4.82 µg/mL, 7.63 µg/mL, 22.33 µg/mL, and 27.71 µg/mL) > PKM-2 (2.10 µg/mL, 7.04 µg/mL, 13.18 µg/mL, and 21.78 µg/mL) > ODC (0.17 µg/mL, 2.10 µg/mL, 4.41 µg/mL and 13.94 µg/mL) > Conventional (0.05 µg/mL, 1.08 µg/mL, 2.86 µg/mL, and 5.40 µg/mL), total soluble proteins (TSP) [0.69 ± 0.01 and 0.94 ± 0.01 µg/mL (young and mature stage, respectively)], sugar content (TSS) [0.39 ± 0.01 and 0.51 ± 0.01 µg/mL (young and mature stage, respectively)], chlorophyll content [1.07 ± 0.01 (plantlet stage), 1.36 ± 0.003 (vegetative-stage), 0.82 ± 0.004 (reproductive stage) mg/g], followed by the other four varieties. The trend observed for cytotoxic activities of ethanolic MLEs on HepG2 cell line, based on the IC50 values, was conventional (1.22 mg/mL) > ODC (0.90 mg/mL) > PKM-2 (0.65 mg/mL) > PKM-1 (0.35 mg/mL) > Jaffna (0.15 mg/mL). The results of HPLC quantification of anticancer compounds [beta-sitosterol (0.244%), quercetin (0.216%), kaempferol (0.013%), and moringin (0.063%)] was also in consonance with that of MTT assay. In summary, the trend observed in all the parameters tested was Jaffna > PKM-1 > PKM-2 > ODC > conventional. Thus, Jaffna variety has a better potential to combat malnutrition and cancer and must be recommended for commercial plantations.Bilques FarooqBhupendra KoulDeveshi MahantDhananjay YadavMDPI AGarticleJaffnaHPLCFRAPmoringinMTT assayHepG2BotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2348, p 2348 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Jaffna HPLC FRAP moringin MTT assay HepG2 Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	Jaffna HPLC FRAP moringin MTT assay HepG2 Botany QK1-989 Bilques Farooq Bhupendra Koul Deveshi Mahant Dhananjay Yadav Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties
description	<i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. (Moringaceae) is revered as s ‘miracle tree’ due to its remarkable nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses. In our study, a comparative analysis of the nutritional parameters (antioxidant activity, sugar content—TSS, total soluble proteins—TSP and mineral contents), phytochemicals (HPLC analysis of four anticancer compounds), and cytotoxicity of <i>M. oleifera</i> leaf extracts (MLEs) of five selected varieties (conventional, PKM-1, PKM-2, ODC, and Jaffna), was performed. Jaffna variety possessed the highest antioxidant activity (FRAP) followed by other four varieties. The trend observed was: Jaffna (9.47 µg/mL, 18.48 µg/mL, 29.39 µg/mL, and 35.37 µg/mL) > PKM-1 (4.82 µg/mL, 7.63 µg/mL, 22.33 µg/mL, and 27.71 µg/mL) > PKM-2 (2.10 µg/mL, 7.04 µg/mL, 13.18 µg/mL, and 21.78 µg/mL) > ODC (0.17 µg/mL, 2.10 µg/mL, 4.41 µg/mL and 13.94 µg/mL) > Conventional (0.05 µg/mL, 1.08 µg/mL, 2.86 µg/mL, and 5.40 µg/mL), total soluble proteins (TSP) [0.69 ± 0.01 and 0.94 ± 0.01 µg/mL (young and mature stage, respectively)], sugar content (TSS) [0.39 ± 0.01 and 0.51 ± 0.01 µg/mL (young and mature stage, respectively)], chlorophyll content [1.07 ± 0.01 (plantlet stage), 1.36 ± 0.003 (vegetative-stage), 0.82 ± 0.004 (reproductive stage) mg/g], followed by the other four varieties. The trend observed for cytotoxic activities of ethanolic MLEs on HepG2 cell line, based on the IC50 values, was conventional (1.22 mg/mL) > ODC (0.90 mg/mL) > PKM-2 (0.65 mg/mL) > PKM-1 (0.35 mg/mL) > Jaffna (0.15 mg/mL). The results of HPLC quantification of anticancer compounds [beta-sitosterol (0.244%), quercetin (0.216%), kaempferol (0.013%), and moringin (0.063%)] was also in consonance with that of MTT assay. In summary, the trend observed in all the parameters tested was Jaffna > PKM-1 > PKM-2 > ODC > conventional. Thus, Jaffna variety has a better potential to combat malnutrition and cancer and must be recommended for commercial plantations.
format	article
author	Bilques Farooq Bhupendra Koul Deveshi Mahant Dhananjay Yadav
author_facet	Bilques Farooq Bhupendra Koul Deveshi Mahant Dhananjay Yadav
author_sort	Bilques Farooq
title	Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties
title_short	Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties
title_full	Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties
title_fullStr	Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties
title_full_unstemmed	Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties
title_sort	phytochemical analyses, antioxidant and anticancer activities of ethanolic leaf extracts of <i>moringa oleifera</i> lam. varieties
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a26974f15be24a40a916c256867e9661
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Phytochemical Analyses, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. Varieties

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