Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine

In addition to the small intestine’s well-known function of nutrient absorption, the small intestine also plays a major role in nutrient sensing. Similar to taste sensors seen on the tongue, GPCR-coupled nutrient sensors are expressed throughout the intestinal epithelium and respond to nutrients fou...

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Autores principales:	Andreanna Burman, Izumi Kaji
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	small intestine GPCR enteroendocrine cell tuft cell enteroid Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a27ac8098140425dae0444e1ee503365
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a27ac8098140425dae0444e1ee5033652021-11-25T18:33:22ZLuminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine10.3390/nu131137122072-6643https://doaj.org/article/a27ac8098140425dae0444e1ee5033652021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3712https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643In addition to the small intestine’s well-known function of nutrient absorption, the small intestine also plays a major role in nutrient sensing. Similar to taste sensors seen on the tongue, GPCR-coupled nutrient sensors are expressed throughout the intestinal epithelium and respond to nutrients found in the lumen. These taste receptors respond to specific ligands, such as digested carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The activation of nutrient sensors in the intestine allows for the induction of signaling pathways needed for the digestive system to process an influx of nutrients. Such processes include those related to glucose homeostasis and satiety. Defects in intestinal nutrient sensing have been linked to a variety of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Here, we review recent updates in the mechanisms related to intestinal nutrient sensors, particularly in enteroendocrine cells, and their pathological roles in disease. Additionally, we highlight the emerging nutrient sensing role of tuft cells and recent work using enteroids as a sensory organ model.Andreanna BurmanIzumi KajiMDPI AGarticlesmall intestineGPCRenteroendocrine celltuft cellenteroidNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3712, p 3712 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	small intestine GPCR enteroendocrine cell tuft cell enteroid Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	small intestine GPCR enteroendocrine cell tuft cell enteroid Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Andreanna Burman Izumi Kaji Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine
description	In addition to the small intestine’s well-known function of nutrient absorption, the small intestine also plays a major role in nutrient sensing. Similar to taste sensors seen on the tongue, GPCR-coupled nutrient sensors are expressed throughout the intestinal epithelium and respond to nutrients found in the lumen. These taste receptors respond to specific ligands, such as digested carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The activation of nutrient sensors in the intestine allows for the induction of signaling pathways needed for the digestive system to process an influx of nutrients. Such processes include those related to glucose homeostasis and satiety. Defects in intestinal nutrient sensing have been linked to a variety of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Here, we review recent updates in the mechanisms related to intestinal nutrient sensors, particularly in enteroendocrine cells, and their pathological roles in disease. Additionally, we highlight the emerging nutrient sensing role of tuft cells and recent work using enteroids as a sensory organ model.
format	article
author	Andreanna Burman Izumi Kaji
author_facet	Andreanna Burman Izumi Kaji
author_sort	Andreanna Burman
title	Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine
title_short	Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine
title_full	Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine
title_fullStr	Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine
title_full_unstemmed	Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine
title_sort	luminal chemosensory cells in the small intestine
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a27ac8098140425dae0444e1ee503365
work_keys_str_mv	AT andreannaburman luminalchemosensorycellsinthesmallintestine AT izumikaji luminalchemosensorycellsinthesmallintestine
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Luminal Chemosensory Cells in the Small Intestine

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