Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England

Abstract Transport remains a critical avenue in the attempt to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and any significant effort to reduce travel GHG emissions will need to encourage a movement towards more fuel-efficient, less polluting behaviours. The aim of this paper is to calculate GHG emissions...

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Autores principales:	Adekunle Dosumu, Ian Colbeck, Rachel Bragg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a28eeebb32eb4037b6c65045c7860933
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a28eeebb32eb4037b6c65045c78609332021-12-02T16:07:02ZGreenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England10.1038/s41598-017-06141-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a28eeebb32eb4037b6c65045c78609332017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06141-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Transport remains a critical avenue in the attempt to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and any significant effort to reduce travel GHG emissions will need to encourage a movement towards more fuel-efficient, less polluting behaviours. The aim of this paper is to calculate GHG emissions arising from the travel of spectators to and from football games within eight football tiers (3 to 10) in England, and to extrapolate this to a national level. The study comprised of 1649 participants with an average age of 42 years (M = 42.63, SD = 17.10). Participants travelled to and from games by walking, cycling, car, bus, train or taxi. The average distance travelled to and from games was 41.5 km. A Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to evaluate differences in travel related GHG emissions between the eight football tiers during the 2012/13 season. The results indicate significant differences between football tiers’ GHG emissions, H(7) = 46.474, p < 0.001. The annual GHG emission of spectators from the 8 tiers for the 2012/13 season was estimated at 56,237 tonnes of CO2e, accounting for less than 0.05% of transport emissions in England. Football authorities should have robust travel plans and educate spectators to employ more sustainable travel plans to games.Adekunle DosumuIan ColbeckRachel BraggNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adekunle Dosumu Ian Colbeck Rachel Bragg Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England
description	Abstract Transport remains a critical avenue in the attempt to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and any significant effort to reduce travel GHG emissions will need to encourage a movement towards more fuel-efficient, less polluting behaviours. The aim of this paper is to calculate GHG emissions arising from the travel of spectators to and from football games within eight football tiers (3 to 10) in England, and to extrapolate this to a national level. The study comprised of 1649 participants with an average age of 42 years (M = 42.63, SD = 17.10). Participants travelled to and from games by walking, cycling, car, bus, train or taxi. The average distance travelled to and from games was 41.5 km. A Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted to evaluate differences in travel related GHG emissions between the eight football tiers during the 2012/13 season. The results indicate significant differences between football tiers’ GHG emissions, H(7) = 46.474, p < 0.001. The annual GHG emission of spectators from the 8 tiers for the 2012/13 season was estimated at 56,237 tonnes of CO2e, accounting for less than 0.05% of transport emissions in England. Football authorities should have robust travel plans and educate spectators to employ more sustainable travel plans to games.
format	article
author	Adekunle Dosumu Ian Colbeck Rachel Bragg
author_facet	Adekunle Dosumu Ian Colbeck Rachel Bragg
author_sort	Adekunle Dosumu
title	Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England
title_short	Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England
title_full	Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England
title_fullStr	Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England
title_full_unstemmed	Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England
title_sort	greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in england
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/a28eeebb32eb4037b6c65045c7860933
work_keys_str_mv	AT adekunledosumu greenhousegasemissionsasaresultofspectatorstravellingtofootballinengland AT iancolbeck greenhousegasemissionsasaresultofspectatorstravellingtofootballinengland AT rachelbragg greenhousegasemissionsasaresultofspectatorstravellingtofootballinengland
_version_	1718384795666350080

Greenhouse gas emissions as a result of spectators travelling to football in England

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