Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.

<h4>Background</h4>Individuals with the rare genetic disorder Williams-Beuren syndrome (WS) are known for their characteristic auditory phenotype including strong affinity to music and sounds. In this work we attempted to pinpoint a neural substrate for the characteristic musicality in W...

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Autores principales:	Martina Wengenroth, Maria Blatow, Martin Bendszus, Peter Schneider
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a296cce05c9642d7a21fb8cd90a142ae
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a296cce05c9642d7a21fb8cd90a142ae2021-11-18T06:35:49ZLeftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0012326https://doaj.org/article/a296cce05c9642d7a21fb8cd90a142ae2010-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20808792/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Individuals with the rare genetic disorder Williams-Beuren syndrome (WS) are known for their characteristic auditory phenotype including strong affinity to music and sounds. In this work we attempted to pinpoint a neural substrate for the characteristic musicality in WS individuals by studying the structure-function relationship of their auditory cortex. Since WS subjects had only minor musical training due to psychomotor constraints we hypothesized that any changes compared to the control group would reflect the contribution of genetic factors to auditory processing and musicality.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Using psychoacoustics, magnetoencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging, we show that WS individuals exhibit extreme and almost exclusive holistic sound perception, which stands in marked contrast to the even distribution of this trait in the general population. Functionally, this was reflected by increased amplitudes of left auditory evoked fields. On the structural level, volume of the left auditory cortex was 2.2-fold increased in WS subjects as compared to control subjects. Equivalent volumes of the auditory cortex have been previously reported for professional musicians.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>There has been an ongoing debate in the neuroscience community as to whether increased gray matter of the auditory cortex in musicians is attributable to the amount of training or innate disposition. In this study musical education of WS subjects was negligible and control subjects were carefully matched for this parameter. Therefore our results not only unravel the neural substrate for this particular auditory phenotype, but in addition propose WS as a unique genetic model for training-independent auditory system properties.Martina WengenrothMaria BlatowMartin BendszusPeter SchneiderPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 8, p e12326 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Martina Wengenroth Maria Blatow Martin Bendszus Peter Schneider Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Individuals with the rare genetic disorder Williams-Beuren syndrome (WS) are known for their characteristic auditory phenotype including strong affinity to music and sounds. In this work we attempted to pinpoint a neural substrate for the characteristic musicality in WS individuals by studying the structure-function relationship of their auditory cortex. Since WS subjects had only minor musical training due to psychomotor constraints we hypothesized that any changes compared to the control group would reflect the contribution of genetic factors to auditory processing and musicality.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Using psychoacoustics, magnetoencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging, we show that WS individuals exhibit extreme and almost exclusive holistic sound perception, which stands in marked contrast to the even distribution of this trait in the general population. Functionally, this was reflected by increased amplitudes of left auditory evoked fields. On the structural level, volume of the left auditory cortex was 2.2-fold increased in WS subjects as compared to control subjects. Equivalent volumes of the auditory cortex have been previously reported for professional musicians.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>There has been an ongoing debate in the neuroscience community as to whether increased gray matter of the auditory cortex in musicians is attributable to the amount of training or innate disposition. In this study musical education of WS subjects was negligible and control subjects were carefully matched for this parameter. Therefore our results not only unravel the neural substrate for this particular auditory phenotype, but in addition propose WS as a unique genetic model for training-independent auditory system properties.
format	article
author	Martina Wengenroth Maria Blatow Martin Bendszus Peter Schneider
author_facet	Martina Wengenroth Maria Blatow Martin Bendszus Peter Schneider
author_sort	Martina Wengenroth
title	Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.
title_short	Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.
title_full	Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.
title_fullStr	Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.
title_full_unstemmed	Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.
title_sort	leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in williams syndrome.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/a296cce05c9642d7a21fb8cd90a142ae
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Leftward lateralization of auditory cortex underlies holistic sound perception in Williams syndrome.

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