Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.

Fish demonstrate the greatest variety of parental care strategies within the animal kingdom. Fish parents seldom provision food for offspring, with some exceptions predominantly found in substrate-brooding Central American cichlids and mouth-brooding African cichlids. Here, we provide the first evid...

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Autores principales:	Kazutaka Ota, Masanori Kohda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a2b63a9ef3404eeabcee7975d4de423c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a2b63a9ef3404eeabcee7975d4de423c2021-11-18T08:16:37ZMaternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0099094https://doaj.org/article/a2b63a9ef3404eeabcee7975d4de423c2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24911060/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Fish demonstrate the greatest variety of parental care strategies within the animal kingdom. Fish parents seldom provision food for offspring, with some exceptions predominantly found in substrate-brooding Central American cichlids and mouth-brooding African cichlids. Here, we provide the first evidence of food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid Neolamprologus mondabu. This fish is a maternal substrate-brooding cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika, and feeds on benthic animals using unique techniques-individuals typically feed on the surface of sandy substrates, but also expose prey by digging up substrates with vigorous wriggling of their body and fins. Young also feed on benthos on the substrate surface, but only using the first technique. We observed that feeding induced by digging accounted for 30% of total feeding bouts in adult females, demonstrating that digging is an important foraging tactic. However, parental females fed less frequently after digging than non-parental females, although both females stayed in pits created by digging for approximately 30 s. Instead, young gathered in the pit and fed intensively, suggesting that parental females provision food for young by means of digging. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the feeding frequency of young before and after digging that was simulated by hand, and observed that young doubled their feeding frequency after the simulated digging. This suggests that parental females engage in digging to uncover food items that are otherwise unavailable to young, and provision food for them at the expense of their own foraging. This behavior was similar to what has been observed in Central American cichlids.Kazutaka OtaMasanori KohdaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e99094 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kazutaka Ota Masanori Kohda Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.
description	Fish demonstrate the greatest variety of parental care strategies within the animal kingdom. Fish parents seldom provision food for offspring, with some exceptions predominantly found in substrate-brooding Central American cichlids and mouth-brooding African cichlids. Here, we provide the first evidence of food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid Neolamprologus mondabu. This fish is a maternal substrate-brooding cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika, and feeds on benthic animals using unique techniques-individuals typically feed on the surface of sandy substrates, but also expose prey by digging up substrates with vigorous wriggling of their body and fins. Young also feed on benthos on the substrate surface, but only using the first technique. We observed that feeding induced by digging accounted for 30% of total feeding bouts in adult females, demonstrating that digging is an important foraging tactic. However, parental females fed less frequently after digging than non-parental females, although both females stayed in pits created by digging for approximately 30 s. Instead, young gathered in the pit and fed intensively, suggesting that parental females provision food for young by means of digging. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the feeding frequency of young before and after digging that was simulated by hand, and observed that young doubled their feeding frequency after the simulated digging. This suggests that parental females engage in digging to uncover food items that are otherwise unavailable to young, and provision food for them at the expense of their own foraging. This behavior was similar to what has been observed in Central American cichlids.
format	article
author	Kazutaka Ota Masanori Kohda
author_facet	Kazutaka Ota Masanori Kohda
author_sort	Kazutaka Ota
title	Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.
title_short	Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.
title_full	Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.
title_fullStr	Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.
title_full_unstemmed	Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.
title_sort	maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding african cichlid.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/a2b63a9ef3404eeabcee7975d4de423c
work_keys_str_mv	AT kazutakaota maternalfoodprovisioninginasubstratebroodingafricancichlid AT masanorikohda maternalfoodprovisioninginasubstratebroodingafricancichlid
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Maternal food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid.

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