Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Krisztina B Szanto,1,2 Jiawei Li,2,3 Paul Cordero,2 Jude A Oben2,4 1Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK; 2Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK; 3Institute of Child Health, University College...

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Autores principales:	Szanto KB, Li J, Cordero P, Oben JA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	NAFLD ethnic epigenetic differences non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a2e9b1d1b7f149ff8a110d61a1d1a66a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a2e9b1d1b7f149ff8a110d61a1d1a66a2021-12-02T05:59:54ZEthnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/a2e9b1d1b7f149ff8a110d61a1d1a66a2019-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/ethnic-differences-and-heterogeneity-in-genetic-and-metabolic-makeup-c-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Krisztina B Szanto,1,2 Jiawei Li,2,3 Paul Cordero,2 Jude A Oben2,4 1Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK; 2Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK; 3Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; 4Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Abstract: Obesity is the most prevalent noncommunicable disease in the 21st century, associated with triglyceride deposition in hepatocytes leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is now present in around a third of the world’s population. Epidemiological studies have concluded that ethnicity plays a role in complications and treatment response. However, definitive correlations of ethnicity with NAFLD are thoroughly under-reported. A comprehensive review was conducted on ethnic variation in NAFLD patients and its potential role as a crucial effector in complications and treatment response. The highest NAFLD prevalence is observed in Hispanic populations, exhibiting a worse disease progression. In contrast, African-Caribbeans exhibit the lowest risk, with less severe steatosis and inflammation, lower levels of triglycerides, and less metabolic derangement, but conversely higher prevalence of insulin resistance. The prevalence of NAFLD in Asian cohorts is under-reported, although reaching epidemic proportions in these populations. The most well-documented NAFLD patient population is that of Caucasian ethnicity, especially from the US. The relative paucity of available literature suggests there is a vital need for more large-scale multi-ethnic clinical cohort studies to determine the incidence of NAFLD within ethnic groups. This would improve therapy and drug development, as well as help identify candidate gene mutations which may differ within the population based on ethnic background. Keywords: NAFLD, steatosis, obesity, ethnicity, steatohepatitisSzanto KBLi JCordero POben JADove Medical PressarticleNAFLDethnicepigeneticdifferencesnon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 12, Pp 357-367 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	NAFLD ethnic epigenetic differences non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	NAFLD ethnic epigenetic differences non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Szanto KB Li J Cordero P Oben JA Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
description	Krisztina B Szanto,1,2 Jiawei Li,2,3 Paul Cordero,2 Jude A Oben2,4 1Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK; 2Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK; 3Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; 4Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Abstract: Obesity is the most prevalent noncommunicable disease in the 21st century, associated with triglyceride deposition in hepatocytes leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is now present in around a third of the world’s population. Epidemiological studies have concluded that ethnicity plays a role in complications and treatment response. However, definitive correlations of ethnicity with NAFLD are thoroughly under-reported. A comprehensive review was conducted on ethnic variation in NAFLD patients and its potential role as a crucial effector in complications and treatment response. The highest NAFLD prevalence is observed in Hispanic populations, exhibiting a worse disease progression. In contrast, African-Caribbeans exhibit the lowest risk, with less severe steatosis and inflammation, lower levels of triglycerides, and less metabolic derangement, but conversely higher prevalence of insulin resistance. The prevalence of NAFLD in Asian cohorts is under-reported, although reaching epidemic proportions in these populations. The most well-documented NAFLD patient population is that of Caucasian ethnicity, especially from the US. The relative paucity of available literature suggests there is a vital need for more large-scale multi-ethnic clinical cohort studies to determine the incidence of NAFLD within ethnic groups. This would improve therapy and drug development, as well as help identify candidate gene mutations which may differ within the population based on ethnic background. Keywords: NAFLD, steatosis, obesity, ethnicity, steatohepatitis
format	article
author	Szanto KB Li J Cordero P Oben JA
author_facet	Szanto KB Li J Cordero P Oben JA
author_sort	Szanto KB
title	Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
title_short	Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
title_full	Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
title_fullStr	Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
title_full_unstemmed	Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
title_sort	ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/a2e9b1d1b7f149ff8a110d61a1d1a66a
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Ethnic differences and heterogeneity in genetic and metabolic makeup contributing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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