Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model

Vaccine hesitancy remains a major public health concern in the effort towards addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed the effects of indicators of compliance with preventive practices on the willingness to take COVID-19 vaccines in Kenya. The data were from the COVID-19 Rapid Response...

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Autor principal:	Abayomi Samuel Oyekale
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	compliance indicator COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy random-effects probit model endogenous Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a2eda44b2ed349338dd004f807af4f8b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a2eda44b2ed349338dd004f807af4f8b2021-11-25T19:11:37ZCompliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model10.3390/vaccines91113592076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/a2eda44b2ed349338dd004f807af4f8b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1359https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XVaccine hesitancy remains a major public health concern in the effort towards addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed the effects of indicators of compliance with preventive practices on the willingness to take COVID-19 vaccines in Kenya. The data were from the COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Surveys conducted between January and June 2021 during the fourth and fifth waves. The data were analyzed with the random-effects endogenous Probit regression model, with estimated parameters tested for robustness and stability. The results showed that willingness to take vaccines increased between the fourth and fifth waves. Compliance with many of the preventive practices also improved, although the utilizations of immune system-promoting practices were very low. The panel Probit regression results showed that compliance indicators were truly endogenous and there was existence of random effects. Immune system-boosting and contact-prevention indicators significantly increased and decreased the willingness to take vaccines, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The experience of mental health disorders in the form of nervousness and hopelessness also significantly influenced vaccine hesitancy (<i>p</i> < 0.10). Willingness to take vaccines also significantly increased among older people and those with a formal education (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Different forms of association exist between vaccine hesitancy and the prevention compliance indicators. There is a need to properly sensitize the people to the need to complement compliance with COVID-19 contact-prevention indicators with vaccination. Addressing mental health disorders in the form of loneliness, nervousness, depression, hopelessness and anxiety should also become the focus of public health, while efforts to reduce vaccine hesitancy should focus on individuals without formal education, males and youths.Abayomi Samuel OyekaleMDPI AGarticlecompliance indicatorCOVID-19vaccine hesitancyrandom-effectsprobit modelendogenousMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1359, p 1359 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	compliance indicator COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy random-effects probit model endogenous Medicine R
spellingShingle	compliance indicator COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy random-effects probit model endogenous Medicine R Abayomi Samuel Oyekale Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model
description	Vaccine hesitancy remains a major public health concern in the effort towards addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed the effects of indicators of compliance with preventive practices on the willingness to take COVID-19 vaccines in Kenya. The data were from the COVID-19 Rapid Response Phone Surveys conducted between January and June 2021 during the fourth and fifth waves. The data were analyzed with the random-effects endogenous Probit regression model, with estimated parameters tested for robustness and stability. The results showed that willingness to take vaccines increased between the fourth and fifth waves. Compliance with many of the preventive practices also improved, although the utilizations of immune system-promoting practices were very low. The panel Probit regression results showed that compliance indicators were truly endogenous and there was existence of random effects. Immune system-boosting and contact-prevention indicators significantly increased and decreased the willingness to take vaccines, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The experience of mental health disorders in the form of nervousness and hopelessness also significantly influenced vaccine hesitancy (<i>p</i> < 0.10). Willingness to take vaccines also significantly increased among older people and those with a formal education (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Different forms of association exist between vaccine hesitancy and the prevention compliance indicators. There is a need to properly sensitize the people to the need to complement compliance with COVID-19 contact-prevention indicators with vaccination. Addressing mental health disorders in the form of loneliness, nervousness, depression, hopelessness and anxiety should also become the focus of public health, while efforts to reduce vaccine hesitancy should focus on individuals without formal education, males and youths.
format	article
author	Abayomi Samuel Oyekale
author_facet	Abayomi Samuel Oyekale
author_sort	Abayomi Samuel Oyekale
title	Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model
title_short	Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model
title_full	Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model
title_fullStr	Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model
title_full_unstemmed	Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model
title_sort	compliance indicators of covid-19 prevention and vaccines hesitancy in kenya: a random-effects endogenous probit model
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a2eda44b2ed349338dd004f807af4f8b
work_keys_str_mv	AT abayomisamueloyekale complianceindicatorsofcovid19preventionandvaccineshesitancyinkenyaarandomeffectsendogenousprobitmodel
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Compliance Indicators of COVID-19 Prevention and Vaccines Hesitancy in Kenya: A Random-Effects Endogenous Probit Model

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