Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing

Pre-mRNA splicing is a major process in the regulated expression of genes in eukaryotes, and alternative splicing is used to generate different proteins from the same coding gene. Splicing is a catalytic process that removes introns and ligates exons to create the RNA sequence that codifies the fina...

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Autores principales:	Sonia Borao, José Ayté, Stefan Hümmer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	splicing spliceosome E-complex Prp2 5′ splicing site exon–intron junction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a300f0c97a5e4738be753ebb9b31893b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a300f0c97a5e4738be753ebb9b31893b2021-11-25T17:56:43ZEvolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing10.3390/ijms2222124441422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/a300f0c97a5e4738be753ebb9b31893b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12444https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Pre-mRNA splicing is a major process in the regulated expression of genes in eukaryotes, and alternative splicing is used to generate different proteins from the same coding gene. Splicing is a catalytic process that removes introns and ligates exons to create the RNA sequence that codifies the final protein. While this is achieved in an autocatalytic process in ancestral group II introns in prokaryotes, the spliceosome has evolved during eukaryogenesis to assist in this process and to finally provide the opportunity for intron-specific splicing. In the early stage of splicing, the RNA 5′ and 3′ splice sites must be brought within proximity to correctly assemble the active spliceosome and perform the excision and ligation reactions. The assembly of this first complex, termed E-complex, is currently the least understood process. We focused in this review on the formation of the E-complex and compared its composition and function in three different organisms. We highlight the common ancestral mechanisms in <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, <i>S. pombe</i>, and mammals and conclude with a unifying model for intron definition in constitutive and regulated co-transcriptional splicing.Sonia BoraoJosé AytéStefan HümmerMDPI AGarticlesplicingspliceosomeE-complexPrp25′ splicing siteexon–intron junctionBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12444, p 12444 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	splicing spliceosome E-complex Prp2 5′ splicing site exon–intron junction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	splicing spliceosome E-complex Prp2 5′ splicing site exon–intron junction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Sonia Borao José Ayté Stefan Hümmer Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing
description	Pre-mRNA splicing is a major process in the regulated expression of genes in eukaryotes, and alternative splicing is used to generate different proteins from the same coding gene. Splicing is a catalytic process that removes introns and ligates exons to create the RNA sequence that codifies the final protein. While this is achieved in an autocatalytic process in ancestral group II introns in prokaryotes, the spliceosome has evolved during eukaryogenesis to assist in this process and to finally provide the opportunity for intron-specific splicing. In the early stage of splicing, the RNA 5′ and 3′ splice sites must be brought within proximity to correctly assemble the active spliceosome and perform the excision and ligation reactions. The assembly of this first complex, termed E-complex, is currently the least understood process. We focused in this review on the formation of the E-complex and compared its composition and function in three different organisms. We highlight the common ancestral mechanisms in <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, <i>S. pombe</i>, and mammals and conclude with a unifying model for intron definition in constitutive and regulated co-transcriptional splicing.
format	article
author	Sonia Borao José Ayté Stefan Hümmer
author_facet	Sonia Borao José Ayté Stefan Hümmer
author_sort	Sonia Borao
title	Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing
title_short	Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing
title_full	Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing
title_fullStr	Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing
title_full_unstemmed	Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing
title_sort	evolution of the early spliceosomal complex—from constitutive to regulated splicing
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a300f0c97a5e4738be753ebb9b31893b
work_keys_str_mv	AT soniaborao evolutionoftheearlyspliceosomalcomplexfromconstitutivetoregulatedsplicing AT joseayte evolutionoftheearlyspliceosomalcomplexfromconstitutivetoregulatedsplicing AT stefanhummer evolutionoftheearlyspliceosomalcomplexfromconstitutivetoregulatedsplicing
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Evolution of the Early Spliceosomal Complex—From Constitutive to Regulated Splicing

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