Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene

Abstract The transition from hunter-gatherer-fisher groups to agrarian societies is arguably the most significant change in human prehistory. In the European plain there is evidence for fully developed agrarian societies by 7,500 cal. yr BP, yet a well-established agrarian society does not appear in...

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Autores principales:	L. Warden, M. Moros, T. Neumann, S. Shennan, A. Timpson, K. Manning, M. Sollai, L. Wacker, K. Perner, K. Häusler, T. Leipe, L. Zillén, A. Kotilainen, E. Jansen, R. R. Schneider, R. Oeberst, H. Arz, J. S. Sinninghe Damsté
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a31056d55eb146ab998ad019ec79d35c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a31056d55eb146ab998ad019ec79d35c2021-12-02T15:05:02ZClimate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene10.1038/s41598-017-14353-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a31056d55eb146ab998ad019ec79d35c2017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-14353-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The transition from hunter-gatherer-fisher groups to agrarian societies is arguably the most significant change in human prehistory. In the European plain there is evidence for fully developed agrarian societies by 7,500 cal. yr BP, yet a well-established agrarian society does not appear in the north until 6,000 cal. yr BP for unknown reasons. Here we show a sudden increase in summer temperature at 6,000 cal. yr BP in northern Europe using a well-dated, high resolution record of sea surface temperature (SST) from the Baltic Sea. This temperature rise resulted in hypoxic conditions across the entire Baltic sea as revealed by multiple sedimentary records and supported by marine ecosystem modeling. Comparison with summed probability distributions of radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites indicate that this temperature rise coincided with both the introduction of farming, and a dramatic population increase. The evidence supports the hypothesis that the boundary of farming rapidly extended north at 6,000 cal. yr BP because terrestrial conditions in a previously marginal region improved.L. WardenM. MorosT. NeumannS. ShennanA. TimpsonK. ManningM. SollaiL. WackerK. PernerK. HäuslerT. LeipeL. ZillénA. KotilainenE. JansenR. R. SchneiderR. OeberstH. ArzJ. S. Sinninghe DamstéNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q L. Warden M. Moros T. Neumann S. Shennan A. Timpson K. Manning M. Sollai L. Wacker K. Perner K. Häusler T. Leipe L. Zillén A. Kotilainen E. Jansen R. R. Schneider R. Oeberst H. Arz J. S. Sinninghe Damsté Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene
description	Abstract The transition from hunter-gatherer-fisher groups to agrarian societies is arguably the most significant change in human prehistory. In the European plain there is evidence for fully developed agrarian societies by 7,500 cal. yr BP, yet a well-established agrarian society does not appear in the north until 6,000 cal. yr BP for unknown reasons. Here we show a sudden increase in summer temperature at 6,000 cal. yr BP in northern Europe using a well-dated, high resolution record of sea surface temperature (SST) from the Baltic Sea. This temperature rise resulted in hypoxic conditions across the entire Baltic sea as revealed by multiple sedimentary records and supported by marine ecosystem modeling. Comparison with summed probability distributions of radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites indicate that this temperature rise coincided with both the introduction of farming, and a dramatic population increase. The evidence supports the hypothesis that the boundary of farming rapidly extended north at 6,000 cal. yr BP because terrestrial conditions in a previously marginal region improved.
format	article
author	L. Warden M. Moros T. Neumann S. Shennan A. Timpson K. Manning M. Sollai L. Wacker K. Perner K. Häusler T. Leipe L. Zillén A. Kotilainen E. Jansen R. R. Schneider R. Oeberst H. Arz J. S. Sinninghe Damsté
author_facet	L. Warden M. Moros T. Neumann S. Shennan A. Timpson K. Manning M. Sollai L. Wacker K. Perner K. Häusler T. Leipe L. Zillén A. Kotilainen E. Jansen R. R. Schneider R. Oeberst H. Arz J. S. Sinninghe Damsté
author_sort	L. Warden
title	Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene
title_short	Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene
title_full	Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene
title_fullStr	Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene
title_full_unstemmed	Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene
title_sort	climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern europe during the mid-holocene
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/a31056d55eb146ab998ad019ec79d35c
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Climate induced human demographic and cultural change in northern Europe during the mid-Holocene

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