Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.

<h4>Objective</h4>Adjustment disorders are re-conceptualized in the DSM-5 as a stress-related disorder; however, besides the impact of an identifiable stressor, the specification of a stress concept, remains unclear. This study is the first to examine an existing stress-model from the ge...

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Autores principales:	Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent, Annett Mierke, Gerhard Danzer, Burghard F Klapp
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a3111ef8ce894a3ca26c538caae81f60
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a3111ef8ce894a3ca26c538caae81f602021-11-18T08:19:28ZAdjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0097303https://doaj.org/article/a3111ef8ce894a3ca26c538caae81f602014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24825165/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objective</h4>Adjustment disorders are re-conceptualized in the DSM-5 as a stress-related disorder; however, besides the impact of an identifiable stressor, the specification of a stress concept, remains unclear. This study is the first to examine an existing stress-model from the general population, in patients diagnosed with adjustment disorders, using a longitudinal design.<h4>Methods</h4>The study sample consisted of 108 patients consecutively admitted for adjustment disorders. Associations of stress perception, emotional distress, resources, and mental health were measured at three time points: the outpatients' presentation, admission for inpatient treatment, and discharge from the hospital. To evaluate a longitudinal stress model of ADs, we examined whether stress at admission predicted mental health at each of the three time points using multiple linear regressions and structural equation modeling. A series of repeated-measures one-way analyses of variance (rANOVAs) was performed to assess change over time.<h4>Results</h4>Significant within-participant changes from baseline were observed between hospital admission and discharge with regard to mental health, stress perception, and emotional distress (p<0.001). Stress perception explained nearly half of the total variance (44%) of mental health at baseline; the adjusted R2 increased (0.48), taking emotional distress (i.e., depressive symptoms) into account. The best predictor of mental health at discharge was the level of emotional distress (i.e., anxiety level) at baseline (β= -0.23, R2corr=0.56, p<0.001). With a CFI of 0.86 and an NFI of 0.86, the fit indices did not allow for acceptance of the stress-model (Cmin/df=15.26; RMSEA=0.21).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Stress perception is an important predictor in adjustment disorders, and mental health-related treatment goals are dependent on and significantly impacted by stress perception and emotional distress.Rüya-Daniela KocaleventAnnett MierkeGerhard DanzerBurghard F KlappPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 5, p e97303 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent Annett Mierke Gerhard Danzer Burghard F Klapp Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.
description	<h4>Objective</h4>Adjustment disorders are re-conceptualized in the DSM-5 as a stress-related disorder; however, besides the impact of an identifiable stressor, the specification of a stress concept, remains unclear. This study is the first to examine an existing stress-model from the general population, in patients diagnosed with adjustment disorders, using a longitudinal design.<h4>Methods</h4>The study sample consisted of 108 patients consecutively admitted for adjustment disorders. Associations of stress perception, emotional distress, resources, and mental health were measured at three time points: the outpatients' presentation, admission for inpatient treatment, and discharge from the hospital. To evaluate a longitudinal stress model of ADs, we examined whether stress at admission predicted mental health at each of the three time points using multiple linear regressions and structural equation modeling. A series of repeated-measures one-way analyses of variance (rANOVAs) was performed to assess change over time.<h4>Results</h4>Significant within-participant changes from baseline were observed between hospital admission and discharge with regard to mental health, stress perception, and emotional distress (p<0.001). Stress perception explained nearly half of the total variance (44%) of mental health at baseline; the adjusted R2 increased (0.48), taking emotional distress (i.e., depressive symptoms) into account. The best predictor of mental health at discharge was the level of emotional distress (i.e., anxiety level) at baseline (β= -0.23, R2corr=0.56, p<0.001). With a CFI of 0.86 and an NFI of 0.86, the fit indices did not allow for acceptance of the stress-model (Cmin/df=15.26; RMSEA=0.21).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Stress perception is an important predictor in adjustment disorders, and mental health-related treatment goals are dependent on and significantly impacted by stress perception and emotional distress.
format	article
author	Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent Annett Mierke Gerhard Danzer Burghard F Klapp
author_facet	Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent Annett Mierke Gerhard Danzer Burghard F Klapp
author_sort	Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent
title	Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.
title_short	Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.
title_full	Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.
title_fullStr	Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.
title_full_unstemmed	Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.
title_sort	adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/a3111ef8ce894a3ca26c538caae81f60
work_keys_str_mv	AT ruyadanielakocalevent adjustmentdisordersasastressrelateddisorderalongitudinalstudyoftheassociationsamongstressresourcesandmentalhealth AT annettmierke adjustmentdisordersasastressrelateddisorderalongitudinalstudyoftheassociationsamongstressresourcesandmentalhealth AT gerharddanzer adjustmentdisordersasastressrelateddisorderalongitudinalstudyoftheassociationsamongstressresourcesandmentalhealth AT burghardfklapp adjustmentdisordersasastressrelateddisorderalongitudinalstudyoftheassociationsamongstressresourcesandmentalhealth
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Adjustment disorders as a stress-related disorder: a longitudinal study of the associations among stress, resources, and mental health.

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