Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks

Abstract We have imaged Néel skyrmion bubbles in perpendicularly magnetised polycrystalline multilayers patterned into 1 µm diameter dots, using scanning transmission x-ray microscopy. The skyrmion bubbles can be nucleated by the application of an external magnetic field and are stable at zero field...

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Autores principales:	K. Zeissler, M. Mruczkiewicz, S. Finizio, J. Raabe, P. M. Shepley, A. V. Sadovnikov, S. A. Nikitov, K. Fallon, S. McFadzean, S. McVitie, T. A. Moore, G. Burnell, C. H. Marrows
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a31626d5c9ff4e829261ae8f9c11054e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a31626d5c9ff4e829261ae8f9c11054e2021-12-02T11:52:30ZPinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks10.1038/s41598-017-15262-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a31626d5c9ff4e829261ae8f9c11054e2017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15262-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We have imaged Néel skyrmion bubbles in perpendicularly magnetised polycrystalline multilayers patterned into 1 µm diameter dots, using scanning transmission x-ray microscopy. The skyrmion bubbles can be nucleated by the application of an external magnetic field and are stable at zero field with a diameter of 260 nm. Applying an out of plane field that opposes the magnetisation of the skyrmion bubble core moment applies pressure to the bubble and gradually compresses it to a diameter of approximately 100 nm. On removing the field the skyrmion bubble returns to its original diameter via a hysteretic pathway where most of the expansion occurs in a single abrupt step. This contradicts analytical models of homogeneous materials in which the skyrmion compression and expansion are reversible. Micromagnetic simulations incorporating disorder can explain this behaviour using an effective thickness modulation between 10 nm grains.K. ZeisslerM. MruczkiewiczS. FinizioJ. RaabeP. M. ShepleyA. V. SadovnikovS. A. NikitovK. FallonS. McFadzeanS. McVitieT. A. MooreG. BurnellC. H. MarrowsNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q K. Zeissler M. Mruczkiewicz S. Finizio J. Raabe P. M. Shepley A. V. Sadovnikov S. A. Nikitov K. Fallon S. McFadzean S. McVitie T. A. Moore G. Burnell C. H. Marrows Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks
description	Abstract We have imaged Néel skyrmion bubbles in perpendicularly magnetised polycrystalline multilayers patterned into 1 µm diameter dots, using scanning transmission x-ray microscopy. The skyrmion bubbles can be nucleated by the application of an external magnetic field and are stable at zero field with a diameter of 260 nm. Applying an out of plane field that opposes the magnetisation of the skyrmion bubble core moment applies pressure to the bubble and gradually compresses it to a diameter of approximately 100 nm. On removing the field the skyrmion bubble returns to its original diameter via a hysteretic pathway where most of the expansion occurs in a single abrupt step. This contradicts analytical models of homogeneous materials in which the skyrmion compression and expansion are reversible. Micromagnetic simulations incorporating disorder can explain this behaviour using an effective thickness modulation between 10 nm grains.
format	article
author	K. Zeissler M. Mruczkiewicz S. Finizio J. Raabe P. M. Shepley A. V. Sadovnikov S. A. Nikitov K. Fallon S. McFadzean S. McVitie T. A. Moore G. Burnell C. H. Marrows
author_facet	K. Zeissler M. Mruczkiewicz S. Finizio J. Raabe P. M. Shepley A. V. Sadovnikov S. A. Nikitov K. Fallon S. McFadzean S. McVitie T. A. Moore G. Burnell C. H. Marrows
author_sort	K. Zeissler
title	Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks
title_short	Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks
title_full	Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks
title_fullStr	Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks
title_full_unstemmed	Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks
title_sort	pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in pt/co/ir superlattice stacks
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/a31626d5c9ff4e829261ae8f9c11054e
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Pinning and hysteresis in the field dependent diameter evolution of skyrmions in Pt/Co/Ir superlattice stacks

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