Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major

Background: The extract of myrtle plant contains polyphenolic compounds that show antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-parasitic properties. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of aqueous and ethanolic myrtle extract against leishmaniasis caused by L. major in vivo and in vitro conditions....

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Autores principales:	Delshad Hesami, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar, Abdolhossein Dalimi, Mohammad Saaid Dayer, Vahid Nasiri, Shagayegh Sheikh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2021
Materias:	ethanolic and aqueous extracts myrtus communis leishmania major in vitro balb/c mice Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a34cdfc1becf45e6b199d42985ad5f31
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a34cdfc1becf45e6b199d42985ad5f312021-11-29T07:18:54ZInvestigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major1735-70202008-238Xhttps://doaj.org/article/a34cdfc1becf45e6b199d42985ad5f312021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/3207https://doaj.org/toc/1735-7020https://doaj.org/toc/2008-238XBackground: The extract of myrtle plant contains polyphenolic compounds that show antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-parasitic properties. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of aqueous and ethanolic myrtle extract against leishmaniasis caused by L. major in vivo and in vitro conditions. Methods: This study was carried out in Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran in 2018. Aqueous and ethanolic extract of myrtle plant at 6.25 to 400 mg/ml concentrations were tested on Leishmania major promastigotes, non-infected macrophages, and macrophages infected with amastigotes in vitro using counting, MTT and flow cytometry techniques. Then, BALB/c mice were treated with ethanolic, aqueous and a mixture of both extracts of myrtle plant. The treatment was carried out for four weeks. Then, the effectiveness of the herbal medicine was assessed by measuring wounds diameters, mice weights and their mortality rate on weekly basis. Results: The IC50 values of aqueous and ethanolic extracts for promastigotes were 7.86 and 11.66 μg/mL respectively. The IC50 values of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts for amastigotes were 12.5 and 47.2 μg/mL respectively. Flow cytometry indicates 62.88% and 60.16% apoptosis induced by ethanolic and aqueous extract of myrtle plant respectively. The lowest parasitic load was seen in the group treated with ethanolic extract. Conclusion: The lesion sizes for treated groups with extracts were similar to those treated with glucantime. Oral administration instead of injection is another advantage of myrtle plant over glucantime, which makes the herb easy and more practical.Delshad HesamiFatemeh GhaffarifarAbdolhossein DalimiMohammad Saaid DayerVahid NasiriShagayegh SheikhTehran University of Medical Sciencesarticleethanolic and aqueous extractsmyrtus communisleishmania majorin vitrobalb/c miceInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENIranian Journal of Parasitology, Vol 16, Iss 4, Pp 641-651 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ethanolic and aqueous extracts myrtus communis leishmania major in vitro balb/c mice Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	ethanolic and aqueous extracts myrtus communis leishmania major in vitro balb/c mice Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Delshad Hesami Fatemeh Ghaffarifar Abdolhossein Dalimi Mohammad Saaid Dayer Vahid Nasiri Shagayegh Sheikh Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major
description	Background: The extract of myrtle plant contains polyphenolic compounds that show antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-parasitic properties. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of aqueous and ethanolic myrtle extract against leishmaniasis caused by L. major in vivo and in vitro conditions. Methods: This study was carried out in Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran in 2018. Aqueous and ethanolic extract of myrtle plant at 6.25 to 400 mg/ml concentrations were tested on Leishmania major promastigotes, non-infected macrophages, and macrophages infected with amastigotes in vitro using counting, MTT and flow cytometry techniques. Then, BALB/c mice were treated with ethanolic, aqueous and a mixture of both extracts of myrtle plant. The treatment was carried out for four weeks. Then, the effectiveness of the herbal medicine was assessed by measuring wounds diameters, mice weights and their mortality rate on weekly basis. Results: The IC50 values of aqueous and ethanolic extracts for promastigotes were 7.86 and 11.66 μg/mL respectively. The IC50 values of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts for amastigotes were 12.5 and 47.2 μg/mL respectively. Flow cytometry indicates 62.88% and 60.16% apoptosis induced by ethanolic and aqueous extract of myrtle plant respectively. The lowest parasitic load was seen in the group treated with ethanolic extract. Conclusion: The lesion sizes for treated groups with extracts were similar to those treated with glucantime. Oral administration instead of injection is another advantage of myrtle plant over glucantime, which makes the herb easy and more practical.
format	article
author	Delshad Hesami Fatemeh Ghaffarifar Abdolhossein Dalimi Mohammad Saaid Dayer Vahid Nasiri Shagayegh Sheikh
author_facet	Delshad Hesami Fatemeh Ghaffarifar Abdolhossein Dalimi Mohammad Saaid Dayer Vahid Nasiri Shagayegh Sheikh
author_sort	Delshad Hesami
title	Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major
title_short	Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major
title_full	Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major
title_fullStr	Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major
title_full_unstemmed	Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major
title_sort	investigating in vivo and in vitro effects of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of myrtle (myrtus communis) on leishmania major
publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a34cdfc1becf45e6b199d42985ad5f31
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Investigating in Vivo and in Vitro Effects of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Myrtle (Myrtus communis) on Leishmania major

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