$Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses$
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Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses

Purpose: To explore the associations between refractive errors and multiple eye health outcomes.Methods: This is an umbrella review based on systematic reviews with meta-analyses. In our study, refractive errors included myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia. We reconducted the meta-anal...

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Autores principales:	Yin-hao Wang, Chen Huang, Yu-lin Tseng, Jing Zhong, Xue-min Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	refractive error umbrella review eye health glaucoma cataract age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a34df30b543b471c89c5c36f4f0202f0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a34df30b543b471c89c5c36f4f0202f02021-11-04T06:48:07ZRefractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses2296-858X10.3389/fmed.2021.759767https://doaj.org/article/a34df30b543b471c89c5c36f4f0202f02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.759767/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-858XPurpose: To explore the associations between refractive errors and multiple eye health outcomes.Methods: This is an umbrella review based on systematic reviews with meta-analyses. In our study, refractive errors included myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia. We reconducted the meta-analyses whose primary data were available in sufficient detail by random effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2. The main outcomes included myopic macular degeneration (MMD), retinal detachment (RD), cataract, open-angle glaucoma (OAG), strabismus, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR).Results: Myopia was associated with increased risk of MMD (relative risk = 102.11, 95% CI 52.6–198.22), RD (3.45, 1.08–11.00), nuclear cataract (2.15, 1.53–3.03), posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataract (1.74, 1.41–2.15), OAG (1.95, 1.74–2.19), exotropia (5.23, 2.26–12.09), but decreased risk of DR (0.83, 0.66–1.04), and early AMD (0.80, 0.67–0.94). From mild-to-high myopia, the association strengthened for MMD, RD, nuclear cataract, PSC cataract, OAG, and DR. Hyperopia was associated with an increased risk of early AMD (1.09, 1.01–1.18) and esotropia (22.94, 10.20–51.62). Astigmatism and anisometropia were associated with increased risk of both exotropia and esotropia.Conclusions: Myopia, especially high myopia, demonstrated the highest risk for eye health outcomes, such as MMD, RD, OAG, nuclear and PSC cataracts, and exotropia. However, myopia was associated with a lower risk of early AMD and DR. Individuals with hyperopia are more likely to suffer early AMD and esotropia. Astigmatism and anisometropia predispose to strabismus. A lot of research studies on the mechanism of the associations are needed.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=239744; identifier: 239744Yin-hao WangYin-hao WangChen HuangChen HuangYu-lin TsengYu-lin TsengJing ZhongJing ZhongXue-min LiXue-min LiFrontiers Media S.A.articlerefractive errorumbrella revieweye healthglaucomacataractage-related macular degeneration (AMD)Medicine (General)R5-920ENFrontiers in Medicine, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	refractive error umbrella review eye health glaucoma cataract age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	refractive error umbrella review eye health glaucoma cataract age-related macular degeneration (AMD) Medicine (General) R5-920 Yin-hao Wang Yin-hao Wang Chen Huang Chen Huang Yu-lin Tseng Yu-lin Tseng Jing Zhong Jing Zhong Xue-min Li Xue-min Li Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses
description	Purpose: To explore the associations between refractive errors and multiple eye health outcomes.Methods: This is an umbrella review based on systematic reviews with meta-analyses. In our study, refractive errors included myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia. We reconducted the meta-analyses whose primary data were available in sufficient detail by random effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed by I2. The main outcomes included myopic macular degeneration (MMD), retinal detachment (RD), cataract, open-angle glaucoma (OAG), strabismus, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR).Results: Myopia was associated with increased risk of MMD (relative risk = 102.11, 95% CI 52.6–198.22), RD (3.45, 1.08–11.00), nuclear cataract (2.15, 1.53–3.03), posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataract (1.74, 1.41–2.15), OAG (1.95, 1.74–2.19), exotropia (5.23, 2.26–12.09), but decreased risk of DR (0.83, 0.66–1.04), and early AMD (0.80, 0.67–0.94). From mild-to-high myopia, the association strengthened for MMD, RD, nuclear cataract, PSC cataract, OAG, and DR. Hyperopia was associated with an increased risk of early AMD (1.09, 1.01–1.18) and esotropia (22.94, 10.20–51.62). Astigmatism and anisometropia were associated with increased risk of both exotropia and esotropia.Conclusions: Myopia, especially high myopia, demonstrated the highest risk for eye health outcomes, such as MMD, RD, OAG, nuclear and PSC cataracts, and exotropia. However, myopia was associated with a lower risk of early AMD and DR. Individuals with hyperopia are more likely to suffer early AMD and esotropia. Astigmatism and anisometropia predispose to strabismus. A lot of research studies on the mechanism of the associations are needed.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=239744; identifier: 239744
format	article
author	Yin-hao Wang Yin-hao Wang Chen Huang Chen Huang Yu-lin Tseng Yu-lin Tseng Jing Zhong Jing Zhong Xue-min Li Xue-min Li
author_facet	Yin-hao Wang Yin-hao Wang Chen Huang Chen Huang Yu-lin Tseng Yu-lin Tseng Jing Zhong Jing Zhong Xue-min Li Xue-min Li
author_sort	Yin-hao Wang
title	Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses
title_short	Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses
title_full	Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses
title_fullStr	Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses
title_full_unstemmed	Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses
title_sort	refractive error and eye health: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a34df30b543b471c89c5c36f4f0202f0
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Refractive Error and Eye Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses

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