Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation

In this work, the crystalline carbon nitride photocatalysts were synthesized by an ionothermal technique with varied synthesis temperature of 500, 550, and 600 °C, and synthesis time of 2, 4, and 6 h. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the successful formation of the prepared carbon nitrides...

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Autores principales:	Leny Yuliati, Mohd Hayrie Mohd Hatta, Siew Ling Lee, Hendrik Oktendy Lintang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada 2020
Materias:	carbon nitride crystallinity phenol degradation synthesis temperature synthesis time Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a35a46d5423e4f789a42e4687d538b3c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a35a46d5423e4f789a42e4687d538b3c2021-12-02T16:11:23ZOptimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation1411-94202460-157810.22146/ijc.52345https://doaj.org/article/a35a46d5423e4f789a42e4687d538b3c2020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/52345https://doaj.org/toc/1411-9420https://doaj.org/toc/2460-1578In this work, the crystalline carbon nitride photocatalysts were synthesized by an ionothermal technique with varied synthesis temperature of 500, 550, and 600 °C, and synthesis time of 2, 4, and 6 h. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the successful formation of the prepared carbon nitrides from their characteristic vibration peaks. X-ray diffraction patterns suggested that the same phase of poly(triazine imide) and heptazine could be observed, but with different crystallinity. The optical properties showed that different temperatures and synthesis time resulted in the different band gap energy (2.72–3.02 eV) as well as the specific surface area (24–73 m2 g–1). The transmission electron microscopy image revealed that the crystalline carbon nitride has a near-hexagonal prismatic crystallite size of about 50 nm. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that the best photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation under solar light simulator was obtained on the crystalline carbon nitride prepared at the 550 °C for 4 h, which would be due to the high crystallinity, suitable low band gap energy (2.82 eV), and large specific surface area (73 m2 g–1). Controlling both the temperature and synthesis time is shown to be important to obtain the best physicochemical properties leading to high activity.Leny YuliatiMohd Hayrie Mohd HattaSiew Ling LeeHendrik Oktendy LintangDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Madaarticlecarbon nitridecrystallinityphenol degradationsynthesis temperaturesynthesis timeChemistryQD1-999ENIndonesian Journal of Chemistry, Vol 20, Iss 6, Pp 1392-1406 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	carbon nitride crystallinity phenol degradation synthesis temperature synthesis time Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	carbon nitride crystallinity phenol degradation synthesis temperature synthesis time Chemistry QD1-999 Leny Yuliati Mohd Hayrie Mohd Hatta Siew Ling Lee Hendrik Oktendy Lintang Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation
description	In this work, the crystalline carbon nitride photocatalysts were synthesized by an ionothermal technique with varied synthesis temperature of 500, 550, and 600 °C, and synthesis time of 2, 4, and 6 h. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the successful formation of the prepared carbon nitrides from their characteristic vibration peaks. X-ray diffraction patterns suggested that the same phase of poly(triazine imide) and heptazine could be observed, but with different crystallinity. The optical properties showed that different temperatures and synthesis time resulted in the different band gap energy (2.72–3.02 eV) as well as the specific surface area (24–73 m2 g–1). The transmission electron microscopy image revealed that the crystalline carbon nitride has a near-hexagonal prismatic crystallite size of about 50 nm. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that the best photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation under solar light simulator was obtained on the crystalline carbon nitride prepared at the 550 °C for 4 h, which would be due to the high crystallinity, suitable low band gap energy (2.82 eV), and large specific surface area (73 m2 g–1). Controlling both the temperature and synthesis time is shown to be important to obtain the best physicochemical properties leading to high activity.
format	article
author	Leny Yuliati Mohd Hayrie Mohd Hatta Siew Ling Lee Hendrik Oktendy Lintang
author_facet	Leny Yuliati Mohd Hayrie Mohd Hatta Siew Ling Lee Hendrik Oktendy Lintang
author_sort	Leny Yuliati
title	Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation
title_short	Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation
title_full	Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation
title_fullStr	Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation
title_full_unstemmed	Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation
title_sort	optimized synthesis temperature and time to obtain crystalline carbon nitride with enhanced photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation
publisher	Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/a35a46d5423e4f789a42e4687d538b3c
work_keys_str_mv	AT lenyyuliati optimizedsynthesistemperatureandtimetoobtaincrystallinecarbonnitridewithenhancedphotocatalyticactivityforphenoldegradation AT mohdhayriemohdhatta optimizedsynthesistemperatureandtimetoobtaincrystallinecarbonnitridewithenhancedphotocatalyticactivityforphenoldegradation AT siewlinglee optimizedsynthesistemperatureandtimetoobtaincrystallinecarbonnitridewithenhancedphotocatalyticactivityforphenoldegradation AT hendrikoktendylintang optimizedsynthesistemperatureandtimetoobtaincrystallinecarbonnitridewithenhancedphotocatalyticactivityforphenoldegradation
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Optimized Synthesis Temperature and Time to Obtain Crystalline Carbon Nitride with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity for Phenol Degradation

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