Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

Abstract. Ng WS, Mohd-Azlan J, Wong SY. 2020. Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Biodiversitas 21: 5579-5594. This study was carried out to investigate on the flowering mechanisms of four Durio species in Sarawak. The anthesis started in the af...

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Autores principales:	WIN SENG NG, JAYASILAN MOHD-AZLAN, SIN YENG WONG
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MBI & UNS Solo 2020
Materias:	dawn bat, floral visitors, fruit set, spiderhunter Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a3c495eb29124ef2a2d6a523ecd18611
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a3c495eb29124ef2a2d6a523ecd186112021-11-22T00:52:01ZFloral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo1412-033X2085-472210.13057/biodiv/d211203https://doaj.org/article/a3c495eb29124ef2a2d6a523ecd186112020-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/6848https://doaj.org/toc/1412-033Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2085-4722Abstract. Ng WS, Mohd-Azlan J, Wong SY. 2020. Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Biodiversitas 21: 5579-5594. This study was carried out to investigate on the flowering mechanisms of four Durio species in Sarawak. The anthesis started in the afternoon (D. graveolens and D. zibethinus), evening (D. kutejensis) or midnight (D. griffithii); and lasted between 11.5 hours (D. griffithii) to 20 hours (D. graveolens). All four Durio species are generalists. Individuals of a fruit bat (Eonycteris spelaea, Pteropodidae) are considered as the main pollinator for D. graveolens, D. kutejensis, and D. zibethinus while spiderhunter (Arachnothera, Nectariniidae) is also proposed as a primary pollinator for D. kutejensis. Five invertebrate taxa were observed as secondary or inadvertent pollinators of Durio spp.: honeybee, Apis sp. (Apidae), stingless bee, Tetrigona sp. (Apidae), nocturnal wasp, Provespa sp. (Vespidae), pollen beetle (Nitidulidae), and thrip (Thysanoptera). Honey bees and stingless bees pollinated all four Durio species. Pollen beetles were found to pollinate D. griffithii and D. graveolens while nocturnal wasps were found to pollinate D. kutejensis and D. zibethinus. Thrips were found to pollinate D. griffithii only. Floral rewards include nectar, pollen and staminodes. The nectar production of D. graveolens, D. kutejensis, and D. zibethinus increased from the start of anthesis until just after midnight but decreased from then onwards. Durio griffithii produced consistent nectar concentration with inconsistent volume. Durio graveolens, D. griffithii, and D. zibethinus are partially self-incompatible.WIN SENG NGJAYASILAN MOHD-AZLANSIN YENG WONGMBI & UNS Soloarticledawn bat, floral visitors, fruit set, spiderhunterBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiodiversitas, Vol 21, Iss 12 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dawn bat, floral visitors, fruit set, spiderhunter Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	dawn bat, floral visitors, fruit set, spiderhunter Biology (General) QH301-705.5 WIN SENG NG JAYASILAN MOHD-AZLAN SIN YENG WONG Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
description	Abstract. Ng WS, Mohd-Azlan J, Wong SY. 2020. Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Biodiversitas 21: 5579-5594. This study was carried out to investigate on the flowering mechanisms of four Durio species in Sarawak. The anthesis started in the afternoon (D. graveolens and D. zibethinus), evening (D. kutejensis) or midnight (D. griffithii); and lasted between 11.5 hours (D. griffithii) to 20 hours (D. graveolens). All four Durio species are generalists. Individuals of a fruit bat (Eonycteris spelaea, Pteropodidae) are considered as the main pollinator for D. graveolens, D. kutejensis, and D. zibethinus while spiderhunter (Arachnothera, Nectariniidae) is also proposed as a primary pollinator for D. kutejensis. Five invertebrate taxa were observed as secondary or inadvertent pollinators of Durio spp.: honeybee, Apis sp. (Apidae), stingless bee, Tetrigona sp. (Apidae), nocturnal wasp, Provespa sp. (Vespidae), pollen beetle (Nitidulidae), and thrip (Thysanoptera). Honey bees and stingless bees pollinated all four Durio species. Pollen beetles were found to pollinate D. griffithii and D. graveolens while nocturnal wasps were found to pollinate D. kutejensis and D. zibethinus. Thrips were found to pollinate D. griffithii only. Floral rewards include nectar, pollen and staminodes. The nectar production of D. graveolens, D. kutejensis, and D. zibethinus increased from the start of anthesis until just after midnight but decreased from then onwards. Durio griffithii produced consistent nectar concentration with inconsistent volume. Durio graveolens, D. griffithii, and D. zibethinus are partially self-incompatible.
format	article
author	WIN SENG NG JAYASILAN MOHD-AZLAN SIN YENG WONG
author_facet	WIN SENG NG JAYASILAN MOHD-AZLAN SIN YENG WONG
author_sort	WIN SENG NG
title	Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
title_short	Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
title_full	Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
title_fullStr	Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
title_full_unstemmed	Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
title_sort	floral biology and pollination strategy of durio (malvaceae) in sarawak, malaysian borneo
publisher	MBI & UNS Solo
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/a3c495eb29124ef2a2d6a523ecd18611
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Floral biology and pollination strategy of Durio (Malvaceae) in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

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