Ex-Vivo Adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles

Some Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium strains are used as probiotics or feed additives. Adherence to the intestinal mucosa is considered a crucial step for intestinal bacteria to colonize and further interact with the host epithelium and the immune system. I...

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Autores principales:	Mohsen Hanifeh, Thomas Spillmann, Mirja Huhtinen, Yannes S. Sclivagnotis, Thomas Grönthal, Ulla Hynönen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bacterial adhesion <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> dogs chicken mucosa Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a415aa587a064f258bafca7476045232
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a415aa587a064f258bafca74760452322021-11-25T16:20:28ZEx-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles10.3390/ani111132832076-2615https://doaj.org/article/a415aa587a064f258bafca74760452322021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3283https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615Some <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> strains are used as probiotics or feed additives. Adherence to the intestinal mucosa is considered a crucial step for intestinal bacteria to colonize and further interact with the host epithelium and the immune system. In dogs, there are no studies investigating the adhesion of <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> to paraffin-embedded intestinal mucosa. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the adhesion of <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> to the intestinal mucosa of six healthy beagles using bacteria derived from dogs and chickens. In addition, we aimed to validate a method to test the adhesion of Alexa Fluor-labeled bacteria to paraffin-embedded canine intestinal mucosa. The results of our study show that both canine- and chicken-derived <i>E. faecalis</i> strains adhered significantly better than <i>E. faecium</i> to the duodenal mucosa of healthy beagles (<i>p</i> = 0.002). In addition, canine <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> adhered in higher numbers to canine duodenal mucosa, compared to chicken-derived strains of the same species (<i>p</i> = 0.015 for <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>p</i> = 0.002 for <i>E. faecium</i>). The determination of the hydrophobicity of bacteria revealed that canine <i>E. faecalis</i> had the highest hydrophobicity level (36.6%), followed by chicken <i>E. faecalis</i> (20.4%), while canine <i>E. faecium</i> (5.7%) and chicken <i>E. faecium</i> (4.5%) had the lowest levels. Our results suggest that both the bacterial species and the host origin of the strain may influence mucosal adhesion.Mohsen HanifehThomas SpillmannMirja HuhtinenYannes S. SclivagnotisThomas GrönthalUlla HynönenMDPI AGarticlebacterial adhesion<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i><i>Enterococcus faecium</i>dogschickenmucosaVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3283, p 3283 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bacterial adhesion <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> dogs chicken mucosa Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	bacterial adhesion <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> dogs chicken mucosa Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Mohsen Hanifeh Thomas Spillmann Mirja Huhtinen Yannes S. Sclivagnotis Thomas Grönthal Ulla Hynönen Ex-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles
description	Some <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> strains are used as probiotics or feed additives. Adherence to the intestinal mucosa is considered a crucial step for intestinal bacteria to colonize and further interact with the host epithelium and the immune system. In dogs, there are no studies investigating the adhesion of <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> to paraffin-embedded intestinal mucosa. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the adhesion of <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> to the intestinal mucosa of six healthy beagles using bacteria derived from dogs and chickens. In addition, we aimed to validate a method to test the adhesion of Alexa Fluor-labeled bacteria to paraffin-embedded canine intestinal mucosa. The results of our study show that both canine- and chicken-derived <i>E. faecalis</i> strains adhered significantly better than <i>E. faecium</i> to the duodenal mucosa of healthy beagles (<i>p</i> = 0.002). In addition, canine <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>E. faecium</i> adhered in higher numbers to canine duodenal mucosa, compared to chicken-derived strains of the same species (<i>p</i> = 0.015 for <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>p</i> = 0.002 for <i>E. faecium</i>). The determination of the hydrophobicity of bacteria revealed that canine <i>E. faecalis</i> had the highest hydrophobicity level (36.6%), followed by chicken <i>E. faecalis</i> (20.4%), while canine <i>E. faecium</i> (5.7%) and chicken <i>E. faecium</i> (4.5%) had the lowest levels. Our results suggest that both the bacterial species and the host origin of the strain may influence mucosal adhesion.
format	article
author	Mohsen Hanifeh Thomas Spillmann Mirja Huhtinen Yannes S. Sclivagnotis Thomas Grönthal Ulla Hynönen
author_facet	Mohsen Hanifeh Thomas Spillmann Mirja Huhtinen Yannes S. Sclivagnotis Thomas Grönthal Ulla Hynönen
author_sort	Mohsen Hanifeh
title	Ex-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles
title_short	Ex-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles
title_full	Ex-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles
title_fullStr	Ex-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles
title_full_unstemmed	Ex-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles
title_sort	ex-vivo adhesion of <i>enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>enterococcus faecium</i> to the intestinal mucosa of healthy beagles
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a415aa587a064f258bafca7476045232
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Ex-Vivo Adhesion of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles

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