Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake

Abstract An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) was deployed in Lake Biwa from 2000 to 2012. In December 2009, ebullition of turbid water was first found in the deepest area (> 90 m) of the North Basin. Follow-up investigations in April and December 2010 and January 2012 confirmed the existence o...

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Autores principales:	Michio Kumagai, Richard D. Robarts, Yasuaki Aota
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a43917f7c55644d68b021c4c7103a281
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a43917f7c55644d68b021c4c7103a2812021-12-02T10:54:30ZIncreasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake10.1038/s41598-021-83649-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a43917f7c55644d68b021c4c7103a2812021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83649-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) was deployed in Lake Biwa from 2000 to 2012. In December 2009, ebullition of turbid water was first found in the deepest area (> 90 m) of the North Basin. Follow-up investigations in April and December 2010 and January 2012 confirmed the existence of benthic vents similar to the vents observed in other deep lakes. Importantly, vent numbers per unit travel distance in Lake Biwa dramatically increased from only two vents (0.37 vents km−1) in December 2009 to 54 vents (5.28 vents km−1) in January 2012, which could be related to recent tectonic activity in Japan, e.g., the M9.1 Tohoku earthquake in March 2011 and slow earthquakes along the Nankai Trough from 2006 to 2018. Continuous back-up investigations from 2014 to 2019 revealed additional benthic vents in the same area. The sudden increase in benthic vent activity (liquid and gaseous ebullitions) have significant potential to alter lake biogeochemistry and, ultimately, degrade Japan’s major drinking water source and may be a harbinger of major crustal change in the near future.Michio KumagaiRichard D. RobartsYasuaki AotaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michio Kumagai Richard D. Robarts Yasuaki Aota Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake
description	Abstract An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) was deployed in Lake Biwa from 2000 to 2012. In December 2009, ebullition of turbid water was first found in the deepest area (> 90 m) of the North Basin. Follow-up investigations in April and December 2010 and January 2012 confirmed the existence of benthic vents similar to the vents observed in other deep lakes. Importantly, vent numbers per unit travel distance in Lake Biwa dramatically increased from only two vents (0.37 vents km−1) in December 2009 to 54 vents (5.28 vents km−1) in January 2012, which could be related to recent tectonic activity in Japan, e.g., the M9.1 Tohoku earthquake in March 2011 and slow earthquakes along the Nankai Trough from 2006 to 2018. Continuous back-up investigations from 2014 to 2019 revealed additional benthic vents in the same area. The sudden increase in benthic vent activity (liquid and gaseous ebullitions) have significant potential to alter lake biogeochemistry and, ultimately, degrade Japan’s major drinking water source and may be a harbinger of major crustal change in the near future.
format	article
author	Michio Kumagai Richard D. Robarts Yasuaki Aota
author_facet	Michio Kumagai Richard D. Robarts Yasuaki Aota
author_sort	Michio Kumagai
title	Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake
title_short	Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake
title_full	Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake
title_fullStr	Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake
title_full_unstemmed	Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake
title_sort	increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to japan’s ancient lake
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a43917f7c55644d68b021c4c7103a281
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Increasing benthic vent formation: a threat to Japan’s ancient lake

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