Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure

ABSTRACT The upper respiratory tract is colonized by a diverse array of commensal bacteria that harbor potential pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. As long as the local microbial ecosystem—also called “microbiome”—is in balance, these potentially pathogenic bacterial residents cause no har...

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Autores principales:	Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters, Debby Bogaert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a49a3e459c42492d85ca417ccc2049e0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a49a3e459c42492d85ca417ccc2049e02021-11-15T15:49:40ZUnraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure10.1128/mBio.00009-162150-7511https://doaj.org/article/a49a3e459c42492d85ca417ccc2049e02016-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00009-16https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT The upper respiratory tract is colonized by a diverse array of commensal bacteria that harbor potential pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. As long as the local microbial ecosystem—also called “microbiome”—is in balance, these potentially pathogenic bacterial residents cause no harm to the host. However, similar to macrobiological ecosystems, when the bacterial community structure gets perturbed, potential pathogens can overtake the niche and cause mild to severe infections. Recent studies using next-generation sequencing show that S. pneumoniae, as well as other potential pathogens, might be kept at bay by certain commensal bacteria, including Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum spp. Bomar and colleagues are the first to explore a specific biological mechanism contributing to the antagonistic interaction between Corynebacterium accolens and S. pneumoniae in vitro [L. Bomar, S. D. Brugger, B. H. Yost, S. S. Davies, K. P. Lemon, mBio 7(1):e01725-15, 2016, doi:10.1128/mBio.01725-15]. The authors comprehensively show that C. accolens is capable of hydrolyzing host triacylglycerols into free fatty acids, which display antipneumococcal properties, suggesting that these bacteria might contribute to the containment of pneumococcus. This work exemplifies how molecular epidemiological findings can lay the foundation for mechanistic studies to elucidate the host-microbe and microbial interspecies interactions underlying the bacterial community structure. Next, translation of these results to an in vivo setting seems necessary to unveil the magnitude and importance of the observed effect in its natural, polymicrobial setting.Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen PitersDebby BogaertAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 7, Iss 1 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters Debby Bogaert Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure
description	ABSTRACT The upper respiratory tract is colonized by a diverse array of commensal bacteria that harbor potential pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. As long as the local microbial ecosystem—also called “microbiome”—is in balance, these potentially pathogenic bacterial residents cause no harm to the host. However, similar to macrobiological ecosystems, when the bacterial community structure gets perturbed, potential pathogens can overtake the niche and cause mild to severe infections. Recent studies using next-generation sequencing show that S. pneumoniae, as well as other potential pathogens, might be kept at bay by certain commensal bacteria, including Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum spp. Bomar and colleagues are the first to explore a specific biological mechanism contributing to the antagonistic interaction between Corynebacterium accolens and S. pneumoniae in vitro [L. Bomar, S. D. Brugger, B. H. Yost, S. S. Davies, K. P. Lemon, mBio 7(1):e01725-15, 2016, doi:10.1128/mBio.01725-15]. The authors comprehensively show that C. accolens is capable of hydrolyzing host triacylglycerols into free fatty acids, which display antipneumococcal properties, suggesting that these bacteria might contribute to the containment of pneumococcus. This work exemplifies how molecular epidemiological findings can lay the foundation for mechanistic studies to elucidate the host-microbe and microbial interspecies interactions underlying the bacterial community structure. Next, translation of these results to an in vivo setting seems necessary to unveil the magnitude and importance of the observed effect in its natural, polymicrobial setting.
format	article
author	Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters Debby Bogaert
author_facet	Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters Debby Bogaert
author_sort	Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters
title	Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure
title_short	Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure
title_full	Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure
title_fullStr	Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure
title_full_unstemmed	Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure
title_sort	unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying the nasopharyngeal bacterial community structure
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/a49a3e459c42492d85ca417ccc2049e0
work_keys_str_mv	AT wouteraadesteenhuijsenpiters unravelingthemolecularmechanismsunderlyingthenasopharyngealbacterialcommunitystructure AT debbybogaert unravelingthemolecularmechanismsunderlyingthenasopharyngealbacterialcommunitystructure
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Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Community Structure

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