Necrotrophic growth of periodontopathogens is a novel virulence factor in oral biofilms

Abstract The oral use of antimicrobial agents embedded in toothpastes and mouth rinses results in an oral microbial massacre with high amounts of dead bacteria in close proximity to few surviving bacteria. It was hypothesized that this provides the surviving pathogenic bacteria a large amount of dea...

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Autores principales: Esteban Rodriguez Herrero, Nico Boon, Martine Pauwels, Kristel Bernaerts, Vera Slomka, Marc Quirynen, Wim Teughels
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2017
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/a4a4224de62d4dfbaa7b6d65622e3bd5
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Sumario:Abstract The oral use of antimicrobial agents embedded in toothpastes and mouth rinses results in an oral microbial massacre with high amounts of dead bacteria in close proximity to few surviving bacteria. It was hypothesized that this provides the surviving pathogenic bacteria a large amount of dead microbial biomass as a nutritional source for growth (necrotrophy). This study demonstrated the necrotrophic growth of periodontal pathogens in the presence of different dead oral species. In addition, the presence of dead bacteria resulted in an outgrowth of several periodontal pathogens in complex multi-species biofilms. Additionally, upon contact with dead oral bacteria, virulence genes of P. intermedia and P. gingivalis were up-regulated (necrovirulence). This resulted in a more pronounced epithelial cytotoxicity (necrotoxicity). These findings indicate that presence of dead bacteria induce necrotrophy, necrovirulence and necrotoxicity in several oral pathogens.