Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada

Waterbirds are often used as indicators of ecosystem function across broad spatial and temporal scales. Resolving which species are declining and the ecological characteristics they have in common can offer insights into ecosystem changes and their underlying mechanisms. Using 20 years of citizen sc...

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Autores principales:	Danielle Ethier, Pete Davidson, Graham H. Sorenson, Karen L. Barry, Karen Devitt, Catherine B. Jardine, Denis Lepage, David W. Bradley
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Resilience Alliance 2020
Materias:	british columbia citizen science coastal monitoring overwintering pacific population trends waterbirds waterfowl Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a4ac6932d53d4b55a1c677aac1f98593
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a4ac6932d53d4b55a1c677aac1f985932021-12-02T14:37:54ZTwenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada1712-6568https://doaj.org/article/a4ac6932d53d4b55a1c677aac1f985932020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ace-eco.org/vol15/iss2/art20/https://doaj.org/toc/1712-6568Waterbirds are often used as indicators of ecosystem function across broad spatial and temporal scales. Resolving which species are declining and the ecological characteristics they have in common can offer insights into ecosystem changes and their underlying mechanisms. Using 20 years of citizen science data collected by the British Columbia Coastal Waterbird Survey, we examine species-specific trends in abundance of 50 species in the Salish Sea and 37 species along the outer Pacific Ocean coast that we considered to form the core wintering coastal bird community of British Columbia, Canada. Further, we explore whether ecological commonalities increase the likelihood of a species undergoing declines by testing the hypotheses that waterbird abundance trends are influenced by dietary specialization and migration distance to breeding grounds. Results suggest that most populations are stable (i.e., temporal trends are not significant) in both the Salish Sea (36 of 50 spp.) and Pacific coast (32 of 37 spp.) regions. Twelve species displayed significant decline trends in the Salish Sea, whereas two had significant increases. Along the Pacific coast, only three species displayed significant decline trends, and two significant increases. This result is corroborated by guild-specific trends indicating that waterbirds occupying the Salish Sea are faring significantly worse than those residing along the outer coastal regions, almost irrespective of dietary specialization or migration distance. Our results provide evidence that differential environmental pressures between the inner and outer coastal regions may be causing overall loss of wintering waterbirds within, or abundance shifts away from, the Salish Sea. Potential mechanisms responsible for these observed patterns are discussed, including environmental (e.g., climate) and human-induced (e.g., nutrient and chemical pollution) pressures. Collaborative, inter-disciplinary research priorities to help understand these mechanisms are suggested.Danielle EthierPete DavidsonGraham H. SorensonKaren L. BarryKaren DevittCatherine B. JardineDenis LepageDavid W. BradleyResilience Alliancearticlebritish columbiacitizen sciencecoastalmonitoringoverwinteringpacificpopulation trendswaterbirdswaterfowlPlant cultureSB1-1110Environmental sciencesGE1-350Plant ecologyQK900-989ENAvian Conservation and Ecology, Vol 15, Iss 2, p 20 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	british columbia citizen science coastal monitoring overwintering pacific population trends waterbirds waterfowl Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	british columbia citizen science coastal monitoring overwintering pacific population trends waterbirds waterfowl Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989 Danielle Ethier Pete Davidson Graham H. Sorenson Karen L. Barry Karen Devitt Catherine B. Jardine Denis Lepage David W. Bradley Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada
description	Waterbirds are often used as indicators of ecosystem function across broad spatial and temporal scales. Resolving which species are declining and the ecological characteristics they have in common can offer insights into ecosystem changes and their underlying mechanisms. Using 20 years of citizen science data collected by the British Columbia Coastal Waterbird Survey, we examine species-specific trends in abundance of 50 species in the Salish Sea and 37 species along the outer Pacific Ocean coast that we considered to form the core wintering coastal bird community of British Columbia, Canada. Further, we explore whether ecological commonalities increase the likelihood of a species undergoing declines by testing the hypotheses that waterbird abundance trends are influenced by dietary specialization and migration distance to breeding grounds. Results suggest that most populations are stable (i.e., temporal trends are not significant) in both the Salish Sea (36 of 50 spp.) and Pacific coast (32 of 37 spp.) regions. Twelve species displayed significant decline trends in the Salish Sea, whereas two had significant increases. Along the Pacific coast, only three species displayed significant decline trends, and two significant increases. This result is corroborated by guild-specific trends indicating that waterbirds occupying the Salish Sea are faring significantly worse than those residing along the outer coastal regions, almost irrespective of dietary specialization or migration distance. Our results provide evidence that differential environmental pressures between the inner and outer coastal regions may be causing overall loss of wintering waterbirds within, or abundance shifts away from, the Salish Sea. Potential mechanisms responsible for these observed patterns are discussed, including environmental (e.g., climate) and human-induced (e.g., nutrient and chemical pollution) pressures. Collaborative, inter-disciplinary research priorities to help understand these mechanisms are suggested.
format	article
author	Danielle Ethier Pete Davidson Graham H. Sorenson Karen L. Barry Karen Devitt Catherine B. Jardine Denis Lepage David W. Bradley
author_facet	Danielle Ethier Pete Davidson Graham H. Sorenson Karen L. Barry Karen Devitt Catherine B. Jardine Denis Lepage David W. Bradley
author_sort	Danielle Ethier
title	Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada
title_short	Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada
title_full	Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada
title_fullStr	Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada
title_full_unstemmed	Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada
title_sort	twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in british columbia, canada
publisher	Resilience Alliance
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/a4ac6932d53d4b55a1c677aac1f98593
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_version_	1718390968958320640

Twenty years of coastal waterbird trends suggest regional patterns of environmental pressure in British Columbia, Canada

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