Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are among the ten most frequent types of cancer worldwide and, despite all efforts, are still diagnosed at late stages and show poor overall survival. Furthermore, HNSCC patients often experience relapses and the development of second primary tumors, as...

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Autores principales:	Diego Camuzi, Tatiana de Almeida Simão, Fernando Dias, Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto, Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	head and neck cancer DNA methylation microRNA field cancerization biomarker tobacco Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a4f5ff1697b64249984dd71d77f21331
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a4f5ff1697b64249984dd71d77f213312021-11-25T17:01:50ZHead and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis10.3390/cancers132256302072-6694https://doaj.org/article/a4f5ff1697b64249984dd71d77f213312021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/22/5630https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are among the ten most frequent types of cancer worldwide and, despite all efforts, are still diagnosed at late stages and show poor overall survival. Furthermore, HNSCC patients often experience relapses and the development of second primary tumors, as a consequence of the field cancerization process. Therefore, a better comprehension of the molecular mechanisms involved in HNSCC development and progression may enable diagnosis anticipation and provide valuable tools for prediction of prognosis and response to therapy. However, the different biological behavior of these tumors depending on the affected anatomical site and risk factor exposure, as well as the high genetic heterogeneity observed in HNSCC are major obstacles in this pursue. In this context, epigenetic alterations have been shown to be common in HNSCC, to discriminate the tumor anatomical subsites, to be responsive to risk factor exposure, and show promising results in biomarker development. Based on this, this review brings together the current knowledge on alterations of DNA methylation and microRNA expression in HNSCC natural history, focusing on how they contribute to each step of the process and on their applicability as biomarkers of exposure, HNSCC development, progression, and response to therapy.Diego CamuziTatiana de Almeida SimãoFernando DiasLuis Felipe Ribeiro PintoSheila Coelho Soares-LimaMDPI AGarticlehead and neck cancerDNA methylationmicroRNAfield cancerizationbiomarkertobaccoNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5630, p 5630 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	head and neck cancer DNA methylation microRNA field cancerization biomarker tobacco Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	head and neck cancer DNA methylation microRNA field cancerization biomarker tobacco Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Diego Camuzi Tatiana de Almeida Simão Fernando Dias Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis
description	Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are among the ten most frequent types of cancer worldwide and, despite all efforts, are still diagnosed at late stages and show poor overall survival. Furthermore, HNSCC patients often experience relapses and the development of second primary tumors, as a consequence of the field cancerization process. Therefore, a better comprehension of the molecular mechanisms involved in HNSCC development and progression may enable diagnosis anticipation and provide valuable tools for prediction of prognosis and response to therapy. However, the different biological behavior of these tumors depending on the affected anatomical site and risk factor exposure, as well as the high genetic heterogeneity observed in HNSCC are major obstacles in this pursue. In this context, epigenetic alterations have been shown to be common in HNSCC, to discriminate the tumor anatomical subsites, to be responsive to risk factor exposure, and show promising results in biomarker development. Based on this, this review brings together the current knowledge on alterations of DNA methylation and microRNA expression in HNSCC natural history, focusing on how they contribute to each step of the process and on their applicability as biomarkers of exposure, HNSCC development, progression, and response to therapy.
format	article
author	Diego Camuzi Tatiana de Almeida Simão Fernando Dias Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
author_facet	Diego Camuzi Tatiana de Almeida Simão Fernando Dias Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
author_sort	Diego Camuzi
title	Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis
title_short	Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis
title_full	Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis
title_fullStr	Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis
title_full_unstemmed	Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis
title_sort	head and neck cancers are not alike when tarred with the same brush: an epigenetic perspective from the cancerization field to prognosis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a4f5ff1697b64249984dd71d77f21331
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Head and Neck Cancers Are Not Alike When Tarred with the Same Brush: An Epigenetic Perspective from the Cancerization Field to Prognosis

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