A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of Rauwolfia serpentina (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)

Rauwolfia serpentina (R. serpentina), belonging to the family Apocynaceae, is a renowned medicinal herb for its different pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative characteristics. This study has done...

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Autores principales:	Mohammad Y. Alshahrani, Zeeshan Rafi, Nadiyah M. Alabdallah, Ambreen Shoaib, Irfan Ahmad, Mohammed Asiri, Gaffar Sarwar Zaman, Shadma Wahab, Mohd Saeed, Salman Khan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> antibacterial pathogenic strains aqueous extract cytotoxicity R-AuNPs Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a4f8645678b5428882caf8b440e0d367
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a4f8645678b5428882caf8b440e0d3672021-11-25T18:44:43ZA Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)10.3390/plants101122782223-7747https://doaj.org/article/a4f8645678b5428882caf8b440e0d3672021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2278https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747<i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (<i>R. serpentina</i>), belonging to the family Apocynaceae, is a renowned medicinal herb for its different pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative characteristics. This study has done a comparative assessment of the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activity of <i>R. serpentina</i> aqueous leaf extract (RSALE) with encapsulated gold nanoparticles (R-AuNPs). The R-AuNPs are prepared so that they are significant in size, monodispersed, and extremely stable. Their characterization was done by numerous parameters, including UV-visible spectroscopy (528 nm), transmission electron microscopy (~17 d. nm), dynamic light scattering (~68 d. nm), and zeta-potential (~−17 mV). Subsequently, a potent antibacterial activity was depicted via RSALE and R-AuNPs when examined by disc diffusion against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The obtained zones of inhibition of RSALE (100 mg/mL) were 34 ± 0.1, 35 ± 0.1, 28.4 ± 0.01, and 18 ± 0.01, although those of R-AuNPs (15 mg/mL) were 24.4 ± 0.12, 22 ± 0.07, 20 ± 0.16, and 17 ± 0.3 against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (ATCC 25923), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ATCC 25922), <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (MTCC 8114), and <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (ATCC 19615), respectively. However, no zone of inhibition was obtained when tested against <i>Proteus vulgaris</i> (MTCC 1771). Furthermore, the obtained MIC values for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were 0.91, 0.61, and 1.15 mg/mL; for <i>Escherichia coli</i>, 0.79, 0.36, and 1.02 mg/mL; for <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 0.42, 0.27, and 0.474 mg/mL; and for <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, 7.67, 3.86, and 8.5 mg/mL of pure RSALE, R-AuNPs, and Amoxicillin (control), respectively, incorporating that R-AuNPs have been shown to have a 1.4-fold, 2.1-fold, 1.5-fold, and 1.9-fold enhanced antibacterial activity in contrast to pure RSALE tested against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, and <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, respectively. Additionally, an enhanced antioxidant potential was detected in R-AuNPs compared to RSALE evaluated by the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picryl Hydrazyl Radical Scavenging (DPPH) Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The determined IC 50 values of RSALE and R-AuNPs were 0.131 ± 0.05 and 0.184 ± 0.02 mg/mL, and 0.110 ± 0.1 and 0.106 ± 0.24 mg/mL via the FRAP and DPPH assays, respectively. In addition, the anti-cancer activity against the human cervical cancer (Hela) cell line was evaluated, and the MTT assay results revealed that R-AuNPs (IC<sub>50</sub> 88.3 µg/mL) had an enhanced anti-cancer potential in contrast to RSALE (171.5 µg/mL). Subsequently, the findings of this study indicated that <i>R. serpentina</i> leaves and their nanoformulation can be used as a potent source for the treatment of the above-mentioned complications and can be used as a possible agent for novel target-based therapies for the management of different ailments.Mohammad Y. AlshahraniZeeshan RafiNadiyah M. AlabdallahAmbreen ShoaibIrfan AhmadMohammed AsiriGaffar Sarwar ZamanShadma WahabMohd SaeedSalman KhanMDPI AGarticle<i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i>antibacterialpathogenic strainsaqueous extractcytotoxicityR-AuNPsBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2278, p 2278 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> antibacterial pathogenic strains aqueous extract cytotoxicity R-AuNPs Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	<i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> antibacterial pathogenic strains aqueous extract cytotoxicity R-AuNPs Botany QK1-989 Mohammad Y. Alshahrani Zeeshan Rafi Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Ambreen Shoaib Irfan Ahmad Mohammed Asiri Gaffar Sarwar Zaman Shadma Wahab Mohd Saeed Salman Khan A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)
description	<i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (<i>R. serpentina</i>), belonging to the family Apocynaceae, is a renowned medicinal herb for its different pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative characteristics. This study has done a comparative assessment of the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activity of <i>R. serpentina</i> aqueous leaf extract (RSALE) with encapsulated gold nanoparticles (R-AuNPs). The R-AuNPs are prepared so that they are significant in size, monodispersed, and extremely stable. Their characterization was done by numerous parameters, including UV-visible spectroscopy (528 nm), transmission electron microscopy (~17 d. nm), dynamic light scattering (~68 d. nm), and zeta-potential (~−17 mV). Subsequently, a potent antibacterial activity was depicted via RSALE and R-AuNPs when examined by disc diffusion against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The obtained zones of inhibition of RSALE (100 mg/mL) were 34 ± 0.1, 35 ± 0.1, 28.4 ± 0.01, and 18 ± 0.01, although those of R-AuNPs (15 mg/mL) were 24.4 ± 0.12, 22 ± 0.07, 20 ± 0.16, and 17 ± 0.3 against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (ATCC 25923), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ATCC 25922), <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (MTCC 8114), and <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (ATCC 19615), respectively. However, no zone of inhibition was obtained when tested against <i>Proteus vulgaris</i> (MTCC 1771). Furthermore, the obtained MIC values for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were 0.91, 0.61, and 1.15 mg/mL; for <i>Escherichia coli</i>, 0.79, 0.36, and 1.02 mg/mL; for <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> 0.42, 0.27, and 0.474 mg/mL; and for <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, 7.67, 3.86, and 8.5 mg/mL of pure RSALE, R-AuNPs, and Amoxicillin (control), respectively, incorporating that R-AuNPs have been shown to have a 1.4-fold, 2.1-fold, 1.5-fold, and 1.9-fold enhanced antibacterial activity in contrast to pure RSALE tested against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, and <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, respectively. Additionally, an enhanced antioxidant potential was detected in R-AuNPs compared to RSALE evaluated by the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picryl Hydrazyl Radical Scavenging (DPPH) Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The determined IC 50 values of RSALE and R-AuNPs were 0.131 ± 0.05 and 0.184 ± 0.02 mg/mL, and 0.110 ± 0.1 and 0.106 ± 0.24 mg/mL via the FRAP and DPPH assays, respectively. In addition, the anti-cancer activity against the human cervical cancer (Hela) cell line was evaluated, and the MTT assay results revealed that R-AuNPs (IC<sub>50</sub> 88.3 µg/mL) had an enhanced anti-cancer potential in contrast to RSALE (171.5 µg/mL). Subsequently, the findings of this study indicated that <i>R. serpentina</i> leaves and their nanoformulation can be used as a potent source for the treatment of the above-mentioned complications and can be used as a possible agent for novel target-based therapies for the management of different ailments.
format	article
author	Mohammad Y. Alshahrani Zeeshan Rafi Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Ambreen Shoaib Irfan Ahmad Mohammed Asiri Gaffar Sarwar Zaman Shadma Wahab Mohd Saeed Salman Khan
author_facet	Mohammad Y. Alshahrani Zeeshan Rafi Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Ambreen Shoaib Irfan Ahmad Mohammed Asiri Gaffar Sarwar Zaman Shadma Wahab Mohd Saeed Salman Khan
author_sort	Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
title	A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)
title_short	A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)
title_full	A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)
title_fullStr	A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)
title_full_unstemmed	A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)
title_sort	comparative antibacterial, antioxidant, and antineoplastic potential of <i>rauwolfia serpentina</i> (l.) leaf extract with its biologically synthesized gold nanoparticles (r-aunps)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a4f8645678b5428882caf8b440e0d367
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A Comparative Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Antineoplastic Potential of <i>Rauwolfia serpentina</i> (L.) Leaf Extract with Its Biologically Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles (R-AuNPs)

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