Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets

Abstract A healthy gastrointestinal microbiota is essential for host fitness, and strongly modulated by host diet. In aquaculture, a current challenge is to feed carnivorous fish with plant-feedstuffs in substitution of fish meal, an unsustainable commodity. Plants have a limited nutritive value due...

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Autores principales:	Cláudia R. Serra, Aires Oliva-Teles, Paula Enes, Fernando Tavares
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a4fcdea933a14fcf8b720758ce5221f0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a4fcdea933a14fcf8b720758ce5221f02021-12-02T15:22:58ZGut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets10.1038/s41598-020-80138-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a4fcdea933a14fcf8b720758ce5221f02021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80138-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A healthy gastrointestinal microbiota is essential for host fitness, and strongly modulated by host diet. In aquaculture, a current challenge is to feed carnivorous fish with plant-feedstuffs in substitution of fish meal, an unsustainable commodity. Plants have a limited nutritive value due to the presence of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) which are not metabolized by fish. In this work we assessed the effects of NSP-enriched diets on European seabass gut microbiota and evaluate the selective pressure of plant feedstuffs towards gut microbes with NSP-hydrolytic potential, i.e. capable to convert indigestible dietary constituents in fish metabolites. Triplicate groups of European seabass juveniles were fed a fish meal-based diet (control) or three plant-based diets (SBM, soybean meal; RSM, rapeseed meal; SFM, sunflower meal) for 6 weeks, before recovering intestinal samples for microbiota analysis, using the Illumina’s MiSeq platform. Plant-based diets impacted differently digesta and mucosal microbiota. A decrease (p = 0.020) on species richness, accompanied by a decline on the relative abundance of specific phyla such as Acidobacteria (p = 0.030), was observed in digesta samples of SBM and RSM experimental fish, but no effects were seen in mucosa-associated microbiota. Plant-based diets favored the Firmicutes (p = 0.01), in particular the Bacillaceae (p = 0.017) and Clostridiaceae (p = 0.007), two bacterial families known to harbor carbohydrate active enzymes and thus putatively more prone to grow in high NSP environments. Overall, bacterial gut communities of European seabass respond to plant-feedstuffs with adjustments in the presence of transient microorganisms (allochthonous) with carbohydrolytic potential, while maintaining a balanced core (autochthonous) microbiota.Cláudia R. SerraAires Oliva-TelesPaula EnesFernando TavaresNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Cláudia R. Serra Aires Oliva-Teles Paula Enes Fernando Tavares Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets
description	Abstract A healthy gastrointestinal microbiota is essential for host fitness, and strongly modulated by host diet. In aquaculture, a current challenge is to feed carnivorous fish with plant-feedstuffs in substitution of fish meal, an unsustainable commodity. Plants have a limited nutritive value due to the presence of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) which are not metabolized by fish. In this work we assessed the effects of NSP-enriched diets on European seabass gut microbiota and evaluate the selective pressure of plant feedstuffs towards gut microbes with NSP-hydrolytic potential, i.e. capable to convert indigestible dietary constituents in fish metabolites. Triplicate groups of European seabass juveniles were fed a fish meal-based diet (control) or three plant-based diets (SBM, soybean meal; RSM, rapeseed meal; SFM, sunflower meal) for 6 weeks, before recovering intestinal samples for microbiota analysis, using the Illumina’s MiSeq platform. Plant-based diets impacted differently digesta and mucosal microbiota. A decrease (p = 0.020) on species richness, accompanied by a decline on the relative abundance of specific phyla such as Acidobacteria (p = 0.030), was observed in digesta samples of SBM and RSM experimental fish, but no effects were seen in mucosa-associated microbiota. Plant-based diets favored the Firmicutes (p = 0.01), in particular the Bacillaceae (p = 0.017) and Clostridiaceae (p = 0.007), two bacterial families known to harbor carbohydrate active enzymes and thus putatively more prone to grow in high NSP environments. Overall, bacterial gut communities of European seabass respond to plant-feedstuffs with adjustments in the presence of transient microorganisms (allochthonous) with carbohydrolytic potential, while maintaining a balanced core (autochthonous) microbiota.
format	article
author	Cláudia R. Serra Aires Oliva-Teles Paula Enes Fernando Tavares
author_facet	Cláudia R. Serra Aires Oliva-Teles Paula Enes Fernando Tavares
author_sort	Cláudia R. Serra
title	Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets
title_short	Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets
title_full	Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets
title_fullStr	Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets
title_full_unstemmed	Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets
title_sort	gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous european seabass (dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a4fcdea933a14fcf8b720758ce5221f0
work_keys_str_mv	AT claudiarserra gutmicrobiotadynamicsincarnivorouseuropeanseabassdicentrarchuslabraxfedplantbaseddiets AT airesolivateles gutmicrobiotadynamicsincarnivorouseuropeanseabassdicentrarchuslabraxfedplantbaseddiets AT paulaenes gutmicrobiotadynamicsincarnivorouseuropeanseabassdicentrarchuslabraxfedplantbaseddiets AT fernandotavares gutmicrobiotadynamicsincarnivorouseuropeanseabassdicentrarchuslabraxfedplantbaseddiets
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Gut microbiota dynamics in carnivorous European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed plant-based diets

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