Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment

ABSTRACT Soil salinization is one of the major land degradation processes that decreases soil fertility and crop production worldwide. In this study, a long-term coastal saline soil remediation experiment was conducted with three salt-tolerant plant species: Lycium chinense Mill. (LCM), Tamarix chin...

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Autores principales:	Xiaogai Wang, Ruibo Sun, Yinping Tian, Kai Guo, Hongyong Sun, Xiaojing Liu, Haiyan Chu, Binbin Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	costal saline soil salt-tolerant plant phytoremediation root-associated microbiomes Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a54b120010fd4bf392e02767799adc08
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a54b120010fd4bf392e02767799adc082021-12-02T19:47:37ZLong-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment10.1128/mSystems.00741-192379-5077https://doaj.org/article/a54b120010fd4bf392e02767799adc082020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00741-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Soil salinization is one of the major land degradation processes that decreases soil fertility and crop production worldwide. In this study, a long-term coastal saline soil remediation experiment was conducted with three salt-tolerant plant species: Lycium chinense Mill. (LCM), Tamarix chinensis Lour. (TCL), and Gossypium hirsutum Linn. (GHL). The three plant species successfully remediated the saline soil but showed different efficacies. The archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities in barren soil and in four rhizocompartments (distal-rhizosphere soil, proximal-rhizosphere soil, rhizoplane, and endosphere) of the three plant species were assessed. All three plant species significantly decreased the richness of the archaeal communities but increased that of the bacterial and fungal communities in both the rhizosphere and rhizoplane compared with those in the barren soil. The archaeal and bacterial community structures were strongly influenced by the rhizocompartment, while specific fungal communities were recruited by different plant species. The microbial taxa whose abundance either increased or decreased significantly during remediation were identified. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) was identified as the main factor driving the variation in microbial community composition between the remediated and barren soil, and total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), and available potassium (AK) were the main factors driving the differences among plant species. This report provides new insights into the responses of the root zone microbial communities of different salt-tolerant plant species during phytoremediation. IMPORTANCE Despite knowing that phytoremediation by salt-tolerant plants is an effective technology for ameliorating saline soils and that microorganisms contribute significantly to plant stress tolerance and soil fertility, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how microbes respond to the growth of salt-tolerant plants and the subsequent decline in soil salinity. The results of this study revealed different response patterns among bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities and indicated that the decline in archaeal abundance might be a sign of successful remediation of coastal saline soils. The recruitment of specific fungal communities by different plant species indicated the importance of fungi in plant species-specific remediation functions. We also identified the taxa that may play key roles during remediation, and these taxa could potentially be used as indicators of phytoremediation. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of microbes in the phytoremediation of saline soil and suggest that the mechanisms involved are plant species specific.Xiaogai WangRuibo SunYinping TianKai GuoHongyong SunXiaojing LiuHaiyan ChuBinbin LiuAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlecostal saline soilsalt-tolerant plantphytoremediationroot-associated microbiomesMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 5, Iss 2 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	costal saline soil salt-tolerant plant phytoremediation root-associated microbiomes Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	costal saline soil salt-tolerant plant phytoremediation root-associated microbiomes Microbiology QR1-502 Xiaogai Wang Ruibo Sun Yinping Tian Kai Guo Hongyong Sun Xiaojing Liu Haiyan Chu Binbin Liu Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment
description	ABSTRACT Soil salinization is one of the major land degradation processes that decreases soil fertility and crop production worldwide. In this study, a long-term coastal saline soil remediation experiment was conducted with three salt-tolerant plant species: Lycium chinense Mill. (LCM), Tamarix chinensis Lour. (TCL), and Gossypium hirsutum Linn. (GHL). The three plant species successfully remediated the saline soil but showed different efficacies. The archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities in barren soil and in four rhizocompartments (distal-rhizosphere soil, proximal-rhizosphere soil, rhizoplane, and endosphere) of the three plant species were assessed. All three plant species significantly decreased the richness of the archaeal communities but increased that of the bacterial and fungal communities in both the rhizosphere and rhizoplane compared with those in the barren soil. The archaeal and bacterial community structures were strongly influenced by the rhizocompartment, while specific fungal communities were recruited by different plant species. The microbial taxa whose abundance either increased or decreased significantly during remediation were identified. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) was identified as the main factor driving the variation in microbial community composition between the remediated and barren soil, and total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), and available potassium (AK) were the main factors driving the differences among plant species. This report provides new insights into the responses of the root zone microbial communities of different salt-tolerant plant species during phytoremediation. IMPORTANCE Despite knowing that phytoremediation by salt-tolerant plants is an effective technology for ameliorating saline soils and that microorganisms contribute significantly to plant stress tolerance and soil fertility, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of how microbes respond to the growth of salt-tolerant plants and the subsequent decline in soil salinity. The results of this study revealed different response patterns among bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities and indicated that the decline in archaeal abundance might be a sign of successful remediation of coastal saline soils. The recruitment of specific fungal communities by different plant species indicated the importance of fungi in plant species-specific remediation functions. We also identified the taxa that may play key roles during remediation, and these taxa could potentially be used as indicators of phytoremediation. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of microbes in the phytoremediation of saline soil and suggest that the mechanisms involved are plant species specific.
format	article
author	Xiaogai Wang Ruibo Sun Yinping Tian Kai Guo Hongyong Sun Xiaojing Liu Haiyan Chu Binbin Liu
author_facet	Xiaogai Wang Ruibo Sun Yinping Tian Kai Guo Hongyong Sun Xiaojing Liu Haiyan Chu Binbin Liu
author_sort	Xiaogai Wang
title	Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment
title_short	Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment
title_full	Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment
title_fullStr	Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment
title_full_unstemmed	Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment
title_sort	long-term phytoremediation of coastal saline soil reveals plant species-specific patterns of microbial community recruitment
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/a54b120010fd4bf392e02767799adc08
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Long-Term Phytoremediation of Coastal Saline Soil Reveals Plant Species-Specific Patterns of Microbial Community Recruitment

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