Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.

<h4>Background</h4>Sleep facilitates off-line consolidation of memories, as shown for learning of motor skills in the absence of concomitant distractors. We often perform complex tasks focusing our attention mostly on one single part of them. However, we are equally able to skillfully pe...

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Autores principales:	Denis Ertelt, Karsten Witt, Kathrin Reetz, Wolfgang Frank, Klaus Junghanns, Jutta Backhaus, Vera Tadic, Antonello Pellicano, Jan Born, Ferdinand Binkofski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a560a405f9f5448aa03ca07b4fdf3752
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a560a405f9f5448aa03ca07b4fdf37522021-11-18T08:06:25ZSkill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0050983https://doaj.org/article/a560a405f9f5448aa03ca07b4fdf37522012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23226554/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Sleep facilitates off-line consolidation of memories, as shown for learning of motor skills in the absence of concomitant distractors. We often perform complex tasks focusing our attention mostly on one single part of them. However, we are equally able to skillfully perform other concurrent tasks. One may even improve performance on disregarded parts of complex tasks, which were learned implicitly. In the present study we investigated the role of sleep in the off-line consolidation of procedural skills when attention is diverted from the procedural task because of interference from a concurrent task.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We used a dual-task paradigm containing (i) procedural serial reaction time task (SRTT), which was labeled as subordinate and unimportant and (ii) declarative word-pair association task (WPAT), performed concomitantly. The WPAT served as a masked distractor to SRTT and was strongly reinforced by the instructions. One experimental and three control groups were tested. The experimental group was re-tested after two nights of sleep (sleep group, SG). The first control group had sleep deprivation on the first post-learning night (nighttime-awake group, NA), the second control group was tested in the morning and then re-tested after 12-hours (daytime-awake group, DA); the third one had the same assignments as DA but with a subsequent, instead of a concomitant, WPAT (daytime-awake-subsequent-WPAT group, DAs). We found SRTT performance gains in SG but not in NA and DA groups. Furthermore, SG reached similar learning gains in SRTT as the DAs group, which gained in SRTT performance because of post-training interference from the declarative task.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The results demonstrate that sleep allows off-line consolidation, which is resistant to deteriorating effects of a reinforced distractor on the implicit procedural learning and allowing for gains which are consistent with those produced when inhibited declarative memories of SRTT do not compete with procedural ones.Denis ErteltKarsten WittKathrin ReetzWolfgang FrankKlaus JunghannsJutta BackhausVera TadicAntonello PellicanoJan BornFerdinand BinkofskiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e50983 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Denis Ertelt Karsten Witt Kathrin Reetz Wolfgang Frank Klaus Junghanns Jutta Backhaus Vera Tadic Antonello Pellicano Jan Born Ferdinand Binkofski Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Sleep facilitates off-line consolidation of memories, as shown for learning of motor skills in the absence of concomitant distractors. We often perform complex tasks focusing our attention mostly on one single part of them. However, we are equally able to skillfully perform other concurrent tasks. One may even improve performance on disregarded parts of complex tasks, which were learned implicitly. In the present study we investigated the role of sleep in the off-line consolidation of procedural skills when attention is diverted from the procedural task because of interference from a concurrent task.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We used a dual-task paradigm containing (i) procedural serial reaction time task (SRTT), which was labeled as subordinate and unimportant and (ii) declarative word-pair association task (WPAT), performed concomitantly. The WPAT served as a masked distractor to SRTT and was strongly reinforced by the instructions. One experimental and three control groups were tested. The experimental group was re-tested after two nights of sleep (sleep group, SG). The first control group had sleep deprivation on the first post-learning night (nighttime-awake group, NA), the second control group was tested in the morning and then re-tested after 12-hours (daytime-awake group, DA); the third one had the same assignments as DA but with a subsequent, instead of a concomitant, WPAT (daytime-awake-subsequent-WPAT group, DAs). We found SRTT performance gains in SG but not in NA and DA groups. Furthermore, SG reached similar learning gains in SRTT as the DAs group, which gained in SRTT performance because of post-training interference from the declarative task.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The results demonstrate that sleep allows off-line consolidation, which is resistant to deteriorating effects of a reinforced distractor on the implicit procedural learning and allowing for gains which are consistent with those produced when inhibited declarative memories of SRTT do not compete with procedural ones.
format	article
author	Denis Ertelt Karsten Witt Kathrin Reetz Wolfgang Frank Klaus Junghanns Jutta Backhaus Vera Tadic Antonello Pellicano Jan Born Ferdinand Binkofski
author_facet	Denis Ertelt Karsten Witt Kathrin Reetz Wolfgang Frank Klaus Junghanns Jutta Backhaus Vera Tadic Antonello Pellicano Jan Born Ferdinand Binkofski
author_sort	Denis Ertelt
title	Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.
title_short	Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.
title_full	Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.
title_fullStr	Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.
title_full_unstemmed	Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.
title_sort	skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/a560a405f9f5448aa03ca07b4fdf3752
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Skill memory escaping from distraction by sleep--evidence from dual-task performance.

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