Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq

Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq

<i>Amaranthaceae</i> (incl. <i>Chenopodiaceae</i>) shows an immense diversity of C<sub>4</sub> syndromes. More than 15 independent origins of C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis, and the largest number of C<sub>4</sub> species in eudicots signify...

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Autores principales: Christian Siadjeu, Maximilian Lauterbach, Gudrun Kadereit
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
<i>Amaranthaceae</i>
C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis
Caryophyllales
<i>Chenopodiaceae</i>
complex trait evolution
gene regulation
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:a56cb2b3f0994006ab4776913b38c55e2021-11-25T17:53:36ZInsights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq10.3390/ijms2222121201422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/a56cb2b3f0994006ab4776913b38c55e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12120https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067<i>Amaranthaceae</i> (incl. <i>Chenopodiaceae</i>) shows an immense diversity of C<sub>4</sub> syndromes. More than 15 independent origins of C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis, and the largest number of C<sub>4</sub> species in eudicots signify the importance of this angiosperm lineage in C<sub>4</sub> evolution. Here, we conduct RNA-Seq followed by comparative transcriptome analysis of three species from <i>Camphorosmeae</i> representing related clades with different photosynthetic types: <i>Threlkeldia diffusa</i> (C<sub>3</sub>), <i>Sedobassia sedoides</i> (C<sub>2</sub>), and <i>Bassia prostrata</i> (C<sub>4</sub>). Results show that <i>B. prostrata</i> belongs to the NADP-ME type and core genes encoding for C<sub>4</sub> cycle are significantly upregulated when compared with <i>Sed. sedoides</i> and <i>T. diffusa</i>. <i>Sedobassia sedoides</i> and <i>B. prostrata</i> share a number of upregulated C<sub>4</sub>-related genes; however, two C<sub>4</sub> transporters (DIT and TPT) are found significantly upregulated only in <i>Sed. sedoides</i>. Combined analysis of transcription factors (TFs) of the closely related lineages (<i>Camphorosmeae</i> and <i>Salsoleae</i>) revealed that no C<sub>3</sub>-specific TFs are higher in C<sub>2</sub> species compared with C<sub>4</sub> species; instead, the C<sub>2</sub> species show their own set of upregulated TFs. Taken together, our study indicates that the hypothesis of the C<sub>2</sub> photosynthesis as a proxy towards C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis is questionable in <i>Sed. sedoides</i> and more in favour of an independent evolutionary stable state.Christian SiadjeuMaximilian LauterbachGudrun KadereitMDPI AGarticle<i>Amaranthaceae</i>C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesisCaryophyllales<i>Chenopodiaceae</i>complex trait evolutiongene regulationBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12120, p 12120 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic <i>Amaranthaceae</i>
C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis
Caryophyllales
<i>Chenopodiaceae</i>
complex trait evolution
gene regulation
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
spellingShingle <i>Amaranthaceae</i>
C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis
Caryophyllales
<i>Chenopodiaceae</i>
complex trait evolution
gene regulation
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Christian Siadjeu
Maximilian Lauterbach
Gudrun Kadereit
Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq
description <i>Amaranthaceae</i> (incl. <i>Chenopodiaceae</i>) shows an immense diversity of C<sub>4</sub> syndromes. More than 15 independent origins of C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis, and the largest number of C<sub>4</sub> species in eudicots signify the importance of this angiosperm lineage in C<sub>4</sub> evolution. Here, we conduct RNA-Seq followed by comparative transcriptome analysis of three species from <i>Camphorosmeae</i> representing related clades with different photosynthetic types: <i>Threlkeldia diffusa</i> (C<sub>3</sub>), <i>Sedobassia sedoides</i> (C<sub>2</sub>), and <i>Bassia prostrata</i> (C<sub>4</sub>). Results show that <i>B. prostrata</i> belongs to the NADP-ME type and core genes encoding for C<sub>4</sub> cycle are significantly upregulated when compared with <i>Sed. sedoides</i> and <i>T. diffusa</i>. <i>Sedobassia sedoides</i> and <i>B. prostrata</i> share a number of upregulated C<sub>4</sub>-related genes; however, two C<sub>4</sub> transporters (DIT and TPT) are found significantly upregulated only in <i>Sed. sedoides</i>. Combined analysis of transcription factors (TFs) of the closely related lineages (<i>Camphorosmeae</i> and <i>Salsoleae</i>) revealed that no C<sub>3</sub>-specific TFs are higher in C<sub>2</sub> species compared with C<sub>4</sub> species; instead, the C<sub>2</sub> species show their own set of upregulated TFs. Taken together, our study indicates that the hypothesis of the C<sub>2</sub> photosynthesis as a proxy towards C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis is questionable in <i>Sed. sedoides</i> and more in favour of an independent evolutionary stable state.
format article
author Christian Siadjeu
Maximilian Lauterbach
Gudrun Kadereit
author_facet Christian Siadjeu
Maximilian Lauterbach
Gudrun Kadereit
author_sort Christian Siadjeu
title Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq
title_short Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq
title_full Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq
title_fullStr Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq
title_full_unstemmed Insights into Regulation of C<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis in <i>Amaranthaceae</i>/<i>Chenopodiaceae</i> Using RNA-Seq
title_sort insights into regulation of c<sub>2</sub> and c<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis in <i>amaranthaceae</i>/<i>chenopodiaceae</i> using rna-seq
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/a56cb2b3f0994006ab4776913b38c55e
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AT maximilianlauterbach insightsintoregulationofcsub2subandcsub4subphotosynthesisiniamaranthaceaeiichenopodiaceaeiusingrnaseq
AT gudrunkadereit insightsintoregulationofcsub2subandcsub4subphotosynthesisiniamaranthaceaeiichenopodiaceaeiusingrnaseq
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