Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.

<h4>Background</h4>Testosterone (T) deficiency remains a poorly understood issue in men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We investigated the gonadal status in HIV-infected men in order to characterize T deficiency and to identify predictive factors for low serum T.<h4>Metho...

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Autores principales:	Vincenzo Rochira, Lucia Zirilli, Gabriella Orlando, Daniele Santi, Giulia Brigante, Chiara Diazzi, Federica Carli, Cesare Carani, Giovanni Guaraldi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a571e45ed38442a58e712c7d34cd9684
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a571e45ed38442a58e712c7d34cd96842021-11-18T07:32:38ZPremature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0028512https://doaj.org/article/a571e45ed38442a58e712c7d34cd96842011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22174826/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Testosterone (T) deficiency remains a poorly understood issue in men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We investigated the gonadal status in HIV-infected men in order to characterize T deficiency and to identify predictive factors for low serum T.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We performed a cross-sectional, observational study on 1325 consecutive HIV male outpatients, most of them having lipodystrophy. Serum total T<300 ng/dL was used as the threshold for biochemical T deficiency. Morning serum total T, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, HIV parameters, and body composition parameters by CT-scan and Dual-Energy-X-ray-Absorptiometry were measured in each case. Sexual behavior was evaluated in a subset of 247 patients. T deficiency was found in 212 subjects, especially in the age range 40-59, but was frequent even in younger patients. T deficiency occurred mainly in association with low/normal serum LH. Adiposity was higher in subjects with T deficiency (p<0.0001) and both visceral adipose tissue and body mass index were the main negative predictors of serum total T. Osteoporosis and erectile dysfunction were present in a similar percentage in men with or without T deficiency.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Premature decline of serum T is common (16%) among young/middle-aged HIV-infected men and is associated with inappropriately low/normal LH and increased visceral fat. T deficiency occurs at a young age and may be considered an element of the process of premature or accelerated aging known to be associated with HIV infection. The role of HIV and/or HIV infection treatments, as well as the role of the general health state on the gonadal axis, remains, in fact, to be elucidated. Due to the low specificity of signs and symptoms of hypogonadism in the context of HIV, caution is needed in the diagnosis of hypogonadism in HIV-infected men with biochemical low serum T levels.Vincenzo RochiraLucia ZirilliGabriella OrlandoDaniele SantiGiulia BriganteChiara DiazziFederica CarliCesare CaraniGiovanni GuaraldiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 12, p e28512 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Vincenzo Rochira Lucia Zirilli Gabriella Orlando Daniele Santi Giulia Brigante Chiara Diazzi Federica Carli Cesare Carani Giovanni Guaraldi Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Testosterone (T) deficiency remains a poorly understood issue in men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We investigated the gonadal status in HIV-infected men in order to characterize T deficiency and to identify predictive factors for low serum T.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We performed a cross-sectional, observational study on 1325 consecutive HIV male outpatients, most of them having lipodystrophy. Serum total T<300 ng/dL was used as the threshold for biochemical T deficiency. Morning serum total T, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, HIV parameters, and body composition parameters by CT-scan and Dual-Energy-X-ray-Absorptiometry were measured in each case. Sexual behavior was evaluated in a subset of 247 patients. T deficiency was found in 212 subjects, especially in the age range 40-59, but was frequent even in younger patients. T deficiency occurred mainly in association with low/normal serum LH. Adiposity was higher in subjects with T deficiency (p<0.0001) and both visceral adipose tissue and body mass index were the main negative predictors of serum total T. Osteoporosis and erectile dysfunction were present in a similar percentage in men with or without T deficiency.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Premature decline of serum T is common (16%) among young/middle-aged HIV-infected men and is associated with inappropriately low/normal LH and increased visceral fat. T deficiency occurs at a young age and may be considered an element of the process of premature or accelerated aging known to be associated with HIV infection. The role of HIV and/or HIV infection treatments, as well as the role of the general health state on the gonadal axis, remains, in fact, to be elucidated. Due to the low specificity of signs and symptoms of hypogonadism in the context of HIV, caution is needed in the diagnosis of hypogonadism in HIV-infected men with biochemical low serum T levels.
format	article
author	Vincenzo Rochira Lucia Zirilli Gabriella Orlando Daniele Santi Giulia Brigante Chiara Diazzi Federica Carli Cesare Carani Giovanni Guaraldi
author_facet	Vincenzo Rochira Lucia Zirilli Gabriella Orlando Daniele Santi Giulia Brigante Chiara Diazzi Federica Carli Cesare Carani Giovanni Guaraldi
author_sort	Vincenzo Rochira
title	Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.
title_short	Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.
title_full	Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.
title_fullStr	Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.
title_full_unstemmed	Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.
title_sort	premature decline of serum total testosterone in hiv-infected men in the haart-era.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/a571e45ed38442a58e712c7d34cd9684
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Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era.

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