Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet

Pearl millet is an important food and fodder crop cultivated in the arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia, and is now expanding to other regions for forage purpose. This study was conducted to better understand the forage quantity and quality traits to enhance the feed value of this crop. Tw...

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Autores principales:	Ponnaiah Govintharaj, Marappa Maheswaran, Michael Blümmel, Pichaikannu Sumathi, Anil Kumar Vemula, Abhishek Rathore, Selvanayagam Sivasubramani, Sandip Mallikarjun Kale, Rajeev Kumar Varshney, Shashi Kumar Gupta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	single cross hybrids top cross hybrids line × tester general and specific combining ability non-additive gene action association mapping Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a5825dd0babe4ee4b761c50053c3cf51
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a5825dd0babe4ee4b761c50053c3cf512021-11-18T05:28:46ZUnderstanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.687859https://doaj.org/article/a5825dd0babe4ee4b761c50053c3cf512021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.687859/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XPearl millet is an important food and fodder crop cultivated in the arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia, and is now expanding to other regions for forage purpose. This study was conducted to better understand the forage quantity and quality traits to enhance the feed value of this crop. Two sets of pearl millet hybrids (80 single cross hybrids in Set-I and 50 top cross hybrids in Set-II) along with their parents evaluated multi-locationally for the forage-linked traits under multi-cut (two cuts) system revealed significant variability for the forage traits in the hybrids and parents. The mean better parent heterosis (BPH) for total dry forage yield (TDFY) was 136% across all the single cross hybrids and 57% across all the top cross hybrids. The mean BPH for in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) varied from −11 to 7% in the single cross hybrids and −13 to 11% in the top cross hybrids across cuts. The findings of TDFY and IVOMD heterosis in these sets indicated the potential of improvement of the hybrid cultivars for forage quantity and quality in forage pearl millet. The parental lines single cross parent (SCP)-L02, SCP-L06, and top cross parent (TCP)-T08 found superior in the forage quantity and quality traits can be utilized in the future breeding programs. Most of the forage traits were found to be controlled by using the non-additive gene action. A diverse panel of 105 forage-type hybrid parents (Set-III) genotyped following genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and phenotyped for crude protein (CP) and IVOMD under multi-cuts for 2 years identified one stable significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on LG4 for CP, and nine SNPs for IVOMD distributed across all the linkage groups except on LG2. The identified loci, once validated, then could be used for the forage quality traits improvement in pearl millet through marker-assisted selection.Ponnaiah GovintharajPonnaiah GovintharajMarappa MaheswaranMichael BlümmelPichaikannu SumathiAnil Kumar VemulaAbhishek RathoreSelvanayagam SivasubramaniSandip Mallikarjun KaleRajeev Kumar VarshneyShashi Kumar GuptaFrontiers Media S.A.articlesingle cross hybridstop cross hybridsline × testergeneral and specific combining abilitynon-additive gene actionassociation mappingPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	single cross hybrids top cross hybrids line × tester general and specific combining ability non-additive gene action association mapping Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	single cross hybrids top cross hybrids line × tester general and specific combining ability non-additive gene action association mapping Plant culture SB1-1110 Ponnaiah Govintharaj Ponnaiah Govintharaj Marappa Maheswaran Michael Blümmel Pichaikannu Sumathi Anil Kumar Vemula Abhishek Rathore Selvanayagam Sivasubramani Sandip Mallikarjun Kale Rajeev Kumar Varshney Shashi Kumar Gupta Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet
description	Pearl millet is an important food and fodder crop cultivated in the arid and semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia, and is now expanding to other regions for forage purpose. This study was conducted to better understand the forage quantity and quality traits to enhance the feed value of this crop. Two sets of pearl millet hybrids (80 single cross hybrids in Set-I and 50 top cross hybrids in Set-II) along with their parents evaluated multi-locationally for the forage-linked traits under multi-cut (two cuts) system revealed significant variability for the forage traits in the hybrids and parents. The mean better parent heterosis (BPH) for total dry forage yield (TDFY) was 136% across all the single cross hybrids and 57% across all the top cross hybrids. The mean BPH for in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) varied from −11 to 7% in the single cross hybrids and −13 to 11% in the top cross hybrids across cuts. The findings of TDFY and IVOMD heterosis in these sets indicated the potential of improvement of the hybrid cultivars for forage quantity and quality in forage pearl millet. The parental lines single cross parent (SCP)-L02, SCP-L06, and top cross parent (TCP)-T08 found superior in the forage quantity and quality traits can be utilized in the future breeding programs. Most of the forage traits were found to be controlled by using the non-additive gene action. A diverse panel of 105 forage-type hybrid parents (Set-III) genotyped following genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and phenotyped for crude protein (CP) and IVOMD under multi-cuts for 2 years identified one stable significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on LG4 for CP, and nine SNPs for IVOMD distributed across all the linkage groups except on LG2. The identified loci, once validated, then could be used for the forage quality traits improvement in pearl millet through marker-assisted selection.
format	article
author	Ponnaiah Govintharaj Ponnaiah Govintharaj Marappa Maheswaran Michael Blümmel Pichaikannu Sumathi Anil Kumar Vemula Abhishek Rathore Selvanayagam Sivasubramani Sandip Mallikarjun Kale Rajeev Kumar Varshney Shashi Kumar Gupta
author_facet	Ponnaiah Govintharaj Ponnaiah Govintharaj Marappa Maheswaran Michael Blümmel Pichaikannu Sumathi Anil Kumar Vemula Abhishek Rathore Selvanayagam Sivasubramani Sandip Mallikarjun Kale Rajeev Kumar Varshney Shashi Kumar Gupta
author_sort	Ponnaiah Govintharaj
title	Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet
title_short	Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet
title_full	Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet
title_fullStr	Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet
title_sort	understanding heterosis, genetic effects, and genome wide associations for forage quantity and quality traits in multi-cut pearl millet
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a5825dd0babe4ee4b761c50053c3cf51
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Understanding Heterosis, Genetic Effects, and Genome Wide Associations for Forage Quantity and Quality Traits in Multi-Cut Pearl Millet

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