Sex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine
The existence of “sex phenotype” in migraine is a long-standing scientific question. Fluctuations of female sex hormones contribute to migraine attacks, and women also have enhanced brain activity during emotional processing and their functional brain networks seem to be more vulnerable to migraine-...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:a5940054dba744b4be406882241dd9882021-12-01T18:27:15ZSex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine2673-561X10.3389/fpain.2021.767162https://doaj.org/article/a5940054dba744b4be406882241dd9882021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2021.767162/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-561XThe existence of “sex phenotype” in migraine is a long-standing scientific question. Fluctuations of female sex hormones contribute to migraine attacks, and women also have enhanced brain activity during emotional processing and their functional brain networks seem to be more vulnerable to migraine-induced disruption compared to men. Periaqueductal grey matter (PAG) is a core region of pain processing and modulation networks with possible sex-related implications in migraine. In our study, sex differences of PAG functional resting-state connectivity were investigated in the interictal state in 32 episodic migraines without aura patients (16 women and 16 men). A significant main effect of sex was detected in PAG connectivity with postcentral, precentral, and inferior parietal gyri, and further differences were found between right PAG and visual areas (superior occipital gyrus, calcarine, and cuneus), supplementary motor area, and mid-cingulum connectivity. In all cases, PAG functional connectivity was stronger in female migraineurs compared to males. However, higher average pain intensity of migraine attacks correlated with stronger connectivity of PAG and middle temporal, superior occipital, and parietal gyri in male migraineurs compared to females. Migraine-related disability is also associated with PAG connectivity but without sex differences. Our results indicate that sex differences in PAG connectivity with brain regions involved in sensory and emotional aspects of pain might contribute to the “sex-phenotype” in migraine. The stronger functional connectivity between PAG and pain processing areas may be a sign of increased excitability of pain pathways even in resting-state in females compared to male migraineurs, which could contribute to female vulnerability for migraine. However, pain intensity experienced by male migraineurs correlated with increased connectivity between PAG and regions involved in the subjective experience of pain and pain-related unpleasantness. The demonstrated sex differences of PAG functional connectivity may support the notion that the female and male brain is differently affected by migraine.Kinga GecseKinga GecseDaniel BaksaDaniel BaksaDóra DobosDóra DobosCsaba Sandor AranyiAttila GalambosAttila GalambosNatália KocselNatália KocselEdina SzabóEdina SzabóEdina SzabóGyöngyi KökönyeiGyöngyi KökönyeiGyöngyi KökönyeiMiklós EmriGyorgy BagdyGyorgy BagdyGyorgy BagdyGabriella JuhaszGabriella JuhaszFrontiers Media S.A.articleheadacheperiaqueductal grey (PAG)malefemalepain intensitydisabilityNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENFrontiers in Pain Research, Vol 2 (2021) |
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headache periaqueductal grey (PAG) male female pain intensity disability Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 |
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headache periaqueductal grey (PAG) male female pain intensity disability Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Kinga Gecse Kinga Gecse Daniel Baksa Daniel Baksa Dóra Dobos Dóra Dobos Csaba Sandor Aranyi Attila Galambos Attila Galambos Natália Kocsel Natália Kocsel Edina Szabó Edina Szabó Edina Szabó Gyöngyi Kökönyei Gyöngyi Kökönyei Gyöngyi Kökönyei Miklós Emri Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz Sex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine |
| description |
The existence of “sex phenotype” in migraine is a long-standing scientific question. Fluctuations of female sex hormones contribute to migraine attacks, and women also have enhanced brain activity during emotional processing and their functional brain networks seem to be more vulnerable to migraine-induced disruption compared to men. Periaqueductal grey matter (PAG) is a core region of pain processing and modulation networks with possible sex-related implications in migraine. In our study, sex differences of PAG functional resting-state connectivity were investigated in the interictal state in 32 episodic migraines without aura patients (16 women and 16 men). A significant main effect of sex was detected in PAG connectivity with postcentral, precentral, and inferior parietal gyri, and further differences were found between right PAG and visual areas (superior occipital gyrus, calcarine, and cuneus), supplementary motor area, and mid-cingulum connectivity. In all cases, PAG functional connectivity was stronger in female migraineurs compared to males. However, higher average pain intensity of migraine attacks correlated with stronger connectivity of PAG and middle temporal, superior occipital, and parietal gyri in male migraineurs compared to females. Migraine-related disability is also associated with PAG connectivity but without sex differences. Our results indicate that sex differences in PAG connectivity with brain regions involved in sensory and emotional aspects of pain might contribute to the “sex-phenotype” in migraine. The stronger functional connectivity between PAG and pain processing areas may be a sign of increased excitability of pain pathways even in resting-state in females compared to male migraineurs, which could contribute to female vulnerability for migraine. However, pain intensity experienced by male migraineurs correlated with increased connectivity between PAG and regions involved in the subjective experience of pain and pain-related unpleasantness. The demonstrated sex differences of PAG functional connectivity may support the notion that the female and male brain is differently affected by migraine. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Kinga Gecse Kinga Gecse Daniel Baksa Daniel Baksa Dóra Dobos Dóra Dobos Csaba Sandor Aranyi Attila Galambos Attila Galambos Natália Kocsel Natália Kocsel Edina Szabó Edina Szabó Edina Szabó Gyöngyi Kökönyei Gyöngyi Kökönyei Gyöngyi Kökönyei Miklós Emri Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz |
| author_facet |
Kinga Gecse Kinga Gecse Daniel Baksa Daniel Baksa Dóra Dobos Dóra Dobos Csaba Sandor Aranyi Attila Galambos Attila Galambos Natália Kocsel Natália Kocsel Edina Szabó Edina Szabó Edina Szabó Gyöngyi Kökönyei Gyöngyi Kökönyei Gyöngyi Kökönyei Miklós Emri Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gyorgy Bagdy Gabriella Juhasz Gabriella Juhasz |
| author_sort |
Kinga Gecse |
| title |
Sex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine |
| title_short |
Sex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine |
| title_full |
Sex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine |
| title_fullStr |
Sex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Sex Differences of Periaqueductal Grey Matter Functional Connectivity in Migraine |
| title_sort |
sex differences of periaqueductal grey matter functional connectivity in migraine |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/a5940054dba744b4be406882241dd988 |
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