Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams

Abstract In this study, we aimed to detect the leakage inlets and determine the leakage pathways through a dam, and ensure that the amounts of leakage upstream and downstream are consistent and that there is no leakage around the concrete‐face rockfill dam. The injection of a pseudo‐random current i...

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Autores principales:	Xiang Zhao, Hongbing Zhang, Kuiye Wei, Ping Wang, Quan Ren, Dailu Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2021
Materias:	concrete‐face rockfill dam leakage pathways flow‐field fitting method Doppler effect numerical simulation Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a59ca90e52f4469b8b1403c57204d027
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a59ca90e52f4469b8b1403c57204d0272021-11-23T21:03:07ZFlow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams2333-508410.1029/2021EA001875https://doaj.org/article/a59ca90e52f4469b8b1403c57204d0272021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001875https://doaj.org/toc/2333-5084Abstract In this study, we aimed to detect the leakage inlets and determine the leakage pathways through a dam, and ensure that the amounts of leakage upstream and downstream are consistent and that there is no leakage around the concrete‐face rockfill dam. The injection of a pseudo‐random current in the water between two aluminum sheets A and B generates a current field that can be measured in water with sensitive current sensors. When the current is channeled along the leakage pathways, the flow field fitting (FFF) method can be used to detect their inlets. We first review the background equations for the seepage and current fields in the FFF method. Then we use the index‐velocity method to calculate the discharge and ensure consistency between the upstream and downstream leakage based on the Doppler effect. Moreover, to illustrate how the FFF method works, we used a numerical simulation to verify the feasibility of the FFF method. Finally, we proceed with a case study in which the FFF method and measured acoustic Doppler velocity are used to identify and map potential leakage pathways bypassing upstream into the downstream flow‐measurement weir. The proposed methodology successfully detected three leakage areas and obtained the discharge in a case study; our results provide engineering geology information for optimizing the layout of grouting holes.Xiang ZhaoHongbing ZhangKuiye WeiPing WangQuan RenDailu ZhangAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)articleconcrete‐face rockfill damleakage pathwaysflow‐field fitting methodDoppler effectnumerical simulationAstronomyQB1-991GeologyQE1-996.5ENEarth and Space Science, Vol 8, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	concrete‐face rockfill dam leakage pathways flow‐field fitting method Doppler effect numerical simulation Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5
spellingShingle	concrete‐face rockfill dam leakage pathways flow‐field fitting method Doppler effect numerical simulation Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5 Xiang Zhao Hongbing Zhang Kuiye Wei Ping Wang Quan Ren Dailu Zhang Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams
description	Abstract In this study, we aimed to detect the leakage inlets and determine the leakage pathways through a dam, and ensure that the amounts of leakage upstream and downstream are consistent and that there is no leakage around the concrete‐face rockfill dam. The injection of a pseudo‐random current in the water between two aluminum sheets A and B generates a current field that can be measured in water with sensitive current sensors. When the current is channeled along the leakage pathways, the flow field fitting (FFF) method can be used to detect their inlets. We first review the background equations for the seepage and current fields in the FFF method. Then we use the index‐velocity method to calculate the discharge and ensure consistency between the upstream and downstream leakage based on the Doppler effect. Moreover, to illustrate how the FFF method works, we used a numerical simulation to verify the feasibility of the FFF method. Finally, we proceed with a case study in which the FFF method and measured acoustic Doppler velocity are used to identify and map potential leakage pathways bypassing upstream into the downstream flow‐measurement weir. The proposed methodology successfully detected three leakage areas and obtained the discharge in a case study; our results provide engineering geology information for optimizing the layout of grouting holes.
format	article
author	Xiang Zhao Hongbing Zhang Kuiye Wei Ping Wang Quan Ren Dailu Zhang
author_facet	Xiang Zhao Hongbing Zhang Kuiye Wei Ping Wang Quan Ren Dailu Zhang
author_sort	Xiang Zhao
title	Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams
title_short	Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams
title_full	Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams
title_fullStr	Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams
title_full_unstemmed	Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams
title_sort	flow field fitting method and acoustic doppler velocity measurement: a new approach for detecting leakage pathways in concrete‐face rockfill dams
publisher	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a59ca90e52f4469b8b1403c57204d027
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Flow Field Fitting Method and Acoustic Doppler Velocity Measurement: A New Approach for Detecting Leakage Pathways in Concrete‐Face Rockfill Dams

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