Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.

<h4>Background</h4>The number of new leprosy cases is declining globally, but the disability caused by leprosy remains an important disease burden. The chance of disability is increased by delayed case detection. This review focusses on the individual and community determinants of delaye...

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Autores principales:	Yudhy Dharmawan, Ahmad Fuady, Ida Korfage, Jan Hendrik Richardus
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a5bb7bb6e2f148828fa71840a67ae7ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a5bb7bb6e2f148828fa71840a67ae7ef2021-12-02T20:23:39ZIndividual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009651https://doaj.org/article/a5bb7bb6e2f148828fa71840a67ae7ef2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009651https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>The number of new leprosy cases is declining globally, but the disability caused by leprosy remains an important disease burden. The chance of disability is increased by delayed case detection. This review focusses on the individual and community determinants of delayed leprosy case detection.<h4>Methods</h4>This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). The study protocol is registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42020189274). To identify determinants of delayed detection, data was collected from five electronic databases: Embase.com, Medline All Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and the WHO Global Health Library.<h4>Results</h4>We included 27 papers from 4315 records assessed. They originated in twelve countries, had been published between January 1, 2000, and January 31, 2021, and described the factors related to delayed leprosy case detection, the duration of the delayed case, and the percentage of Grade 2 Disability (G2D). The median delay in detection ranged from 12 to 36 months, the mean delay ranged from 11.5 to 64.1 months, and the percentage of G2D ranged from 5.6 to 43.2%. Health-service-seeking behavior was the most common factor associated with delayed detection. The most common individual factors were older age, being male, having a lower disease-symptom perception, having multibacillary leprosy, and lack of knowledge. The most common socioeconomic factors were living in a rural area, performing agricultural labor, and being unemployed. Stigma was the most common social and community factor.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Delayed leprosy case detection is clearly correlated with increased disability and should therefore be a priority of leprosy programs. Interventions should focus on determinants of delayed case detection such as health-service-seeking behavior, and should consider relevant individual, socioeconomic, and community factors, including stigmatization. Further study is required of the health service-related factors contributing to delay.Yudhy DharmawanAhmad FuadyIda KorfageJan Hendrik RichardusPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e0009651 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Yudhy Dharmawan Ahmad Fuady Ida Korfage Jan Hendrik Richardus Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The number of new leprosy cases is declining globally, but the disability caused by leprosy remains an important disease burden. The chance of disability is increased by delayed case detection. This review focusses on the individual and community determinants of delayed leprosy case detection.<h4>Methods</h4>This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). The study protocol is registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42020189274). To identify determinants of delayed detection, data was collected from five electronic databases: Embase.com, Medline All Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and the WHO Global Health Library.<h4>Results</h4>We included 27 papers from 4315 records assessed. They originated in twelve countries, had been published between January 1, 2000, and January 31, 2021, and described the factors related to delayed leprosy case detection, the duration of the delayed case, and the percentage of Grade 2 Disability (G2D). The median delay in detection ranged from 12 to 36 months, the mean delay ranged from 11.5 to 64.1 months, and the percentage of G2D ranged from 5.6 to 43.2%. Health-service-seeking behavior was the most common factor associated with delayed detection. The most common individual factors were older age, being male, having a lower disease-symptom perception, having multibacillary leprosy, and lack of knowledge. The most common socioeconomic factors were living in a rural area, performing agricultural labor, and being unemployed. Stigma was the most common social and community factor.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Delayed leprosy case detection is clearly correlated with increased disability and should therefore be a priority of leprosy programs. Interventions should focus on determinants of delayed case detection such as health-service-seeking behavior, and should consider relevant individual, socioeconomic, and community factors, including stigmatization. Further study is required of the health service-related factors contributing to delay.
format	article
author	Yudhy Dharmawan Ahmad Fuady Ida Korfage Jan Hendrik Richardus
author_facet	Yudhy Dharmawan Ahmad Fuady Ida Korfage Jan Hendrik Richardus
author_sort	Yudhy Dharmawan
title	Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.
title_short	Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.
title_full	Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.
title_fullStr	Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.
title_full_unstemmed	Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.
title_sort	individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: a systematic review.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a5bb7bb6e2f148828fa71840a67ae7ef
work_keys_str_mv	AT yudhydharmawan individualandcommunityfactorsdeterminingdelayedleprosycasedetectionasystematicreview AT ahmadfuady individualandcommunityfactorsdeterminingdelayedleprosycasedetectionasystematicreview AT idakorfage individualandcommunityfactorsdeterminingdelayedleprosycasedetectionasystematicreview AT janhendrikrichardus individualandcommunityfactorsdeterminingdelayedleprosycasedetectionasystematicreview
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Individual and community factors determining delayed leprosy case detection: A systematic review.

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