Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.

Humans are capable of learning numerous motor skills, but newly acquired skills may be abolished by subsequent learning. Here we ask what factors determine whether interference occurs in motor learning. We speculated that interference requires competing processes of synaptic plasticity in overlappin...

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Autores principales:	Jesper Lundbye-Jensen, Tue Hvass Petersen, John C Rothwell, Jens Bo Nielsen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a5e8f48eff9f4f31a4cb1d22b3c83064
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a5e8f48eff9f4f31a4cb1d22b3c830642021-11-18T06:57:33ZInterference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017451https://doaj.org/article/a5e8f48eff9f4f31a4cb1d22b3c830642011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21408054/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Humans are capable of learning numerous motor skills, but newly acquired skills may be abolished by subsequent learning. Here we ask what factors determine whether interference occurs in motor learning. We speculated that interference requires competing processes of synaptic plasticity in overlapping circuits and predicted specificity. To test this, subjects learned a ballistic motor task. Interference was observed following subsequent learning of an accuracy-tracking task, but only if the competing task involved the same muscles and movement direction. Interference was not observed from a non-learning task suggesting that interference requires competing learning. Subsequent learning of the competing task 4 h after initial learning did not cause interference suggesting disruption of early motor memory consolidation as one possible mechanism underlying interference. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of corticospinal motor output at intensities below movement threshold did not cause interference, whereas suprathreshold rTMS evoking motor responses and (re)afferent activation did. Finally, the experiments revealed that suprathreshold repetitive electrical stimulation of the agonist (but not antagonist) peripheral nerve caused interference. The present study is, to our knowledge, the first to demonstrate that peripheral nerve stimulation may cause interference. The finding underscores the importance of sensory feedback as error signals in motor learning. We conclude that interference requires competing plasticity in overlapping circuits. Interference is remarkably specific for circuits involved in a specific movement and it may relate to sensory error signals.Jesper Lundbye-JensenTue Hvass PetersenJohn C RothwellJens Bo NielsenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e17451 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jesper Lundbye-Jensen Tue Hvass Petersen John C Rothwell Jens Bo Nielsen Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.
description	Humans are capable of learning numerous motor skills, but newly acquired skills may be abolished by subsequent learning. Here we ask what factors determine whether interference occurs in motor learning. We speculated that interference requires competing processes of synaptic plasticity in overlapping circuits and predicted specificity. To test this, subjects learned a ballistic motor task. Interference was observed following subsequent learning of an accuracy-tracking task, but only if the competing task involved the same muscles and movement direction. Interference was not observed from a non-learning task suggesting that interference requires competing learning. Subsequent learning of the competing task 4 h after initial learning did not cause interference suggesting disruption of early motor memory consolidation as one possible mechanism underlying interference. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of corticospinal motor output at intensities below movement threshold did not cause interference, whereas suprathreshold rTMS evoking motor responses and (re)afferent activation did. Finally, the experiments revealed that suprathreshold repetitive electrical stimulation of the agonist (but not antagonist) peripheral nerve caused interference. The present study is, to our knowledge, the first to demonstrate that peripheral nerve stimulation may cause interference. The finding underscores the importance of sensory feedback as error signals in motor learning. We conclude that interference requires competing plasticity in overlapping circuits. Interference is remarkably specific for circuits involved in a specific movement and it may relate to sensory error signals.
format	article
author	Jesper Lundbye-Jensen Tue Hvass Petersen John C Rothwell Jens Bo Nielsen
author_facet	Jesper Lundbye-Jensen Tue Hvass Petersen John C Rothwell Jens Bo Nielsen
author_sort	Jesper Lundbye-Jensen
title	Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.
title_short	Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.
title_full	Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.
title_fullStr	Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.
title_full_unstemmed	Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.
title_sort	interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/a5e8f48eff9f4f31a4cb1d22b3c83064
work_keys_str_mv	AT jesperlundbyejensen interferenceinballisticmotorlearningspecificityandroleofsensoryerrorsignals AT tuehvasspetersen interferenceinballisticmotorlearningspecificityandroleofsensoryerrorsignals AT johncrothwell interferenceinballisticmotorlearningspecificityandroleofsensoryerrorsignals AT jensbonielsen interferenceinballisticmotorlearningspecificityandroleofsensoryerrorsignals
_version_	1718424185023234048

Interference in ballistic motor learning: specificity and role of sensory error signals.

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