Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes

Physical differences associated with birth-date among athletes of the same selection year have been described as the Relative Age Effect (RAE). The aim of this study was to examine whether RAE still exists in soccer and running sport disciplines as well as to evaluate its progress among different ge...

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Autores principales:	Aristotelis Gioldasis, Evangelos Bekris, Athanasia Smirniotou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego 2021
Materias:	RAE talent soccer running Sports GV557-1198.995 Sports medicine RC1200-1245 Physiology QP1-981
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a5fe5b73e7bb47c1a4adbde302d279e7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a5fe5b73e7bb47c1a4adbde302d279e72021-11-29T11:03:16ZRelative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes10.18276/cej.2021.3-032300-9705https://doaj.org/article/a5fe5b73e7bb47c1a4adbde302d279e72021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://wnus.edu.pl/cejssm/en/issue/1210/article/19264/https://doaj.org/toc/2300-9705Physical differences associated with birth-date among athletes of the same selection year have been described as the Relative Age Effect (RAE). The aim of this study was to examine whether RAE still exists in soccer and running sport disciplines as well as to evaluate its progress among different gender, age, and sport context and if it has an effect on performance. Using official archives of the international sports’ associations (World Athletics-UEFA), birthdates and performance were collected for 7226 athletes (4033 males; 3198 females) who participated in soccer and running events. A chi-square test was used to assess differences between observed and expected birth date distributions. The study showed an over-representation of athletes born in the first quarter of the selection year for both soccer and running events. RAE is more obvious in younger age groups and in sports that require higher explosive speed, strength, power and anaerobic capacity such as soccer and short distance sprints. It was also found that RAE is associated with performance. In conclusion, athletes of younger age groups with greater biological age have a physical advantage in explosive sports (i.e. soccer and short distance running) that probably does not predict their future development.Aristotelis GioldasisEvangelos BekrisAthanasia SmirniotouWydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu SzczecińskiegoarticleRAEtalentsoccerrunningSportsGV557-1198.995Sports medicineRC1200-1245PhysiologyQP1-981ENCentral European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine, Vol 35 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	RAE talent soccer running Sports GV557-1198.995 Sports medicine RC1200-1245 Physiology QP1-981
spellingShingle	RAE talent soccer running Sports GV557-1198.995 Sports medicine RC1200-1245 Physiology QP1-981 Aristotelis Gioldasis Evangelos Bekris Athanasia Smirniotou Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes
description	Physical differences associated with birth-date among athletes of the same selection year have been described as the Relative Age Effect (RAE). The aim of this study was to examine whether RAE still exists in soccer and running sport disciplines as well as to evaluate its progress among different gender, age, and sport context and if it has an effect on performance. Using official archives of the international sports’ associations (World Athletics-UEFA), birthdates and performance were collected for 7226 athletes (4033 males; 3198 females) who participated in soccer and running events. A chi-square test was used to assess differences between observed and expected birth date distributions. The study showed an over-representation of athletes born in the first quarter of the selection year for both soccer and running events. RAE is more obvious in younger age groups and in sports that require higher explosive speed, strength, power and anaerobic capacity such as soccer and short distance sprints. It was also found that RAE is associated with performance. In conclusion, athletes of younger age groups with greater biological age have a physical advantage in explosive sports (i.e. soccer and short distance running) that probably does not predict their future development.
format	article
author	Aristotelis Gioldasis Evangelos Bekris Athanasia Smirniotou
author_facet	Aristotelis Gioldasis Evangelos Bekris Athanasia Smirniotou
author_sort	Aristotelis Gioldasis
title	Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes
title_short	Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes
title_full	Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes
title_fullStr	Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes
title_full_unstemmed	Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes
title_sort	relative age effect: a systematic discrimination against biologically younger athletes
publisher	Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a5fe5b73e7bb47c1a4adbde302d279e7
work_keys_str_mv	AT aristotelisgioldasis relativeageeffectasystematicdiscriminationagainstbiologicallyyoungerathletes AT evangelosbekris relativeageeffectasystematicdiscriminationagainstbiologicallyyoungerathletes AT athanasiasmirniotou relativeageeffectasystematicdiscriminationagainstbiologicallyyoungerathletes
_version_	1718407418920042496

Relative Age Effect: A Systematic Discrimination against Biologically Younger Athletes

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