Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases

Abstract Background Cutaneous forms of leishmaniosis due to Leishmania braziliensis have been reported in horses in the New World. Domestic animals play a role in the transmission of the disease. In Costa Rica, human cases of L. braziliensis, L. panamensis and L. infantum have been reported. Objecti...

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Autores principales:	María Victoria Ortega‐García, Francisco Javier Salguero, Nerea García, Mercedes Domínguez, Inmaculada Moreno, Alexis Berrocal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	cutaneous leishmaniosis histopathology horse immunohistochemistry Leishmania spp leishmaniosis Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a6505c6823724b4284edea437f389df8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a6505c6823724b4284edea437f389df82021-11-19T17:14:25ZEquine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases2053-109510.1002/vms3.587https://doaj.org/article/a6505c6823724b4284edea437f389df82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.587https://doaj.org/toc/2053-1095Abstract Background Cutaneous forms of leishmaniosis due to Leishmania braziliensis have been reported in horses in the New World. Domestic animals play a role in the transmission of the disease. In Costa Rica, human cases of L. braziliensis, L. panamensis and L. infantum have been reported. Objectives The present report describes five cases of equine cutaneous leishmaniosis in Costa Rica. The aetiological diagnosis was based on the presence of the parasite within the lesions. Methods Skin biopsies were used to perform histopathological analyses of the lesions. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the presence of the Leishmania spp. antigens in tissue sections. Laser‐capture micro‐dissection and quantitative real‐time PCR techniques were carried out to detect the pathogen nucleic acid within the microscopic lesions. Results Histopathological analyses showed a granulomatous inflammation within the dermis, with multi‐nucleated giant cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and few neutrophils and eosinophils. We detected the parasite by immunohistochemistry, using a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against Leishmania spp. However, we could not identify Leishmania spp. by quantitative real‐time PCR in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues, using specific primers for the conserved region in the minicircle of the Leishmania DNA kinetoplast. Conclusions Our results emphasise the importance of Leishmania spp. not only as a causative agent of equine cutaneous disease in the New World, but also as a possible emerging pathogen. Leishmaniosis is one of the most prevalent parasitic public health problems worldwide, and equines may have a role in the epidemiology of the disease.María Victoria Ortega‐GarcíaFrancisco Javier SalgueroNerea GarcíaMercedes DomínguezInmaculada MorenoAlexis BerrocalWileyarticlecutaneous leishmaniosishistopathologyhorseimmunohistochemistryLeishmania sppleishmaniosisVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Medicine and Science, Vol 7, Iss 6, Pp 2234-2239 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cutaneous leishmaniosis histopathology horse immunohistochemistry Leishmania spp leishmaniosis Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	cutaneous leishmaniosis histopathology horse immunohistochemistry Leishmania spp leishmaniosis Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 María Victoria Ortega‐García Francisco Javier Salguero Nerea García Mercedes Domínguez Inmaculada Moreno Alexis Berrocal Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases
description	Abstract Background Cutaneous forms of leishmaniosis due to Leishmania braziliensis have been reported in horses in the New World. Domestic animals play a role in the transmission of the disease. In Costa Rica, human cases of L. braziliensis, L. panamensis and L. infantum have been reported. Objectives The present report describes five cases of equine cutaneous leishmaniosis in Costa Rica. The aetiological diagnosis was based on the presence of the parasite within the lesions. Methods Skin biopsies were used to perform histopathological analyses of the lesions. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the presence of the Leishmania spp. antigens in tissue sections. Laser‐capture micro‐dissection and quantitative real‐time PCR techniques were carried out to detect the pathogen nucleic acid within the microscopic lesions. Results Histopathological analyses showed a granulomatous inflammation within the dermis, with multi‐nucleated giant cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and few neutrophils and eosinophils. We detected the parasite by immunohistochemistry, using a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against Leishmania spp. However, we could not identify Leishmania spp. by quantitative real‐time PCR in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues, using specific primers for the conserved region in the minicircle of the Leishmania DNA kinetoplast. Conclusions Our results emphasise the importance of Leishmania spp. not only as a causative agent of equine cutaneous disease in the New World, but also as a possible emerging pathogen. Leishmaniosis is one of the most prevalent parasitic public health problems worldwide, and equines may have a role in the epidemiology of the disease.
format	article
author	María Victoria Ortega‐García Francisco Javier Salguero Nerea García Mercedes Domínguez Inmaculada Moreno Alexis Berrocal
author_facet	María Victoria Ortega‐García Francisco Javier Salguero Nerea García Mercedes Domínguez Inmaculada Moreno Alexis Berrocal
author_sort	María Victoria Ortega‐García
title	Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases
title_short	Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases
title_full	Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases
title_fullStr	Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases
title_full_unstemmed	Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases
title_sort	equine infection with leishmania spp. in costa rica: study of five cases
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a6505c6823724b4284edea437f389df8
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Equine infection with Leishmania spp. in Costa Rica: Study of five cases

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