Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review

James Wilton,1 Heather Senn,2 Malika Sharma,3 Darrell HS Tan4,5 1Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange (CATIE), 2Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, 3Wilson Centre for Research in Education, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 4Division of Infecti...

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Autores principales:	Wilton J, Senn H, Sharma M, Tan DHS
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2015
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a65f737d442e42ceb79ecfb64b84830c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a65f737d442e42ceb79ecfb64b84830c2021-12-02T02:33:41ZPre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/a65f737d442e42ceb79ecfb64b84830c2015-04-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/pre-exposure-prophylaxis-for-sexually-acquired-hiv-risk-management-a-r-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373James Wilton,1 Heather Senn,2 Malika Sharma,3 Darrell HS Tan4,5 1Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange (CATIE), 2Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, 3Wilson Centre for Research in Education, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 4Division of Infectious Diseases, St Michael's Hospital, 5Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Abstract: Despite significant efforts, the rate of new HIV infections worldwide remains unacceptably high, highlighting the need for new HIV prevention strategies. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a new approach that involves the ongoing use of antiretroviral medications by HIV-negative individuals to reduce the risk of HIV infection. The use of daily tenofovir/emtricitabine as oral PrEP was found to be effective in multiple placebo-controlled clinical trials and approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States and the World Health Organization have both released guidelines recommending the offer of oral PrEP to high-risk populations. The scale-up of PrEP is underway, but several implementation questions remain unanswered. Demonstration projects and open-label extensions of placebo-controlled trials are ongoing and hope to contribute to our understanding of PrEP use and delivery outside the randomized controlled trial setting. Evidence is beginning to emerge from these open-label studies and will be critical for guiding PrEP scale-up. Outside of such studies, PrEP uptake has been slow and several client- and provider-related barriers are limiting uptake. Maximizing the public health impact of PrEP will require rollout to be combined with interventions to promote uptake, support adherence, and prevent increases in risk behavior. Additional PrEP strategies are currently under investigation in placebo-controlled clinical trials and may be available in the future. Keywords: HIV prevention, biomedical intervention, tenofovir, emtricitabineWilton JSenn HSharma MTan DHSDove Medical PressarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol 2015, Iss default, Pp 125-136 (2015)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Wilton J Senn H Sharma M Tan DHS Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review
description	James Wilton,1 Heather Senn,2 Malika Sharma,3 Darrell HS Tan4,5 1Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange (CATIE), 2Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, 3Wilson Centre for Research in Education, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 4Division of Infectious Diseases, St Michael's Hospital, 5Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Abstract: Despite significant efforts, the rate of new HIV infections worldwide remains unacceptably high, highlighting the need for new HIV prevention strategies. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a new approach that involves the ongoing use of antiretroviral medications by HIV-negative individuals to reduce the risk of HIV infection. The use of daily tenofovir/emtricitabine as oral PrEP was found to be effective in multiple placebo-controlled clinical trials and approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States and the World Health Organization have both released guidelines recommending the offer of oral PrEP to high-risk populations. The scale-up of PrEP is underway, but several implementation questions remain unanswered. Demonstration projects and open-label extensions of placebo-controlled trials are ongoing and hope to contribute to our understanding of PrEP use and delivery outside the randomized controlled trial setting. Evidence is beginning to emerge from these open-label studies and will be critical for guiding PrEP scale-up. Outside of such studies, PrEP uptake has been slow and several client- and provider-related barriers are limiting uptake. Maximizing the public health impact of PrEP will require rollout to be combined with interventions to promote uptake, support adherence, and prevent increases in risk behavior. Additional PrEP strategies are currently under investigation in placebo-controlled clinical trials and may be available in the future. Keywords: HIV prevention, biomedical intervention, tenofovir, emtricitabine
format	article
author	Wilton J Senn H Sharma M Tan DHS
author_facet	Wilton J Senn H Sharma M Tan DHS
author_sort	Wilton J
title	Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review
title_short	Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review
title_full	Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review
title_fullStr	Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review
title_full_unstemmed	Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review
title_sort	pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired hiv risk management: a review
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2015
url	https://doaj.org/article/a65f737d442e42ceb79ecfb64b84830c
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Pre-exposure prophylaxis for sexually-acquired HIV risk management: a review

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