Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish

Abstract Social interactions are commonly found among fish as in mammals and birds. While most animals interact socially with conspecifics some however are also frequently and repeatedly observed to interact with other species (i.e. mutualistic interactions). This is the case of the (so-called) fish...

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Autores principales:	Murilo S. Abreu, João P. M. Messias, Per-Ove Thörnqvist, Svante Winberg, Marta C. Soares
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a6601ba58dff450a9a24f6592da671ca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a6601ba58dff450a9a24f6592da671ca2021-12-02T15:08:05ZMonoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish10.1038/s41598-018-25513-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a6601ba58dff450a9a24f6592da671ca2018-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25513-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Social interactions are commonly found among fish as in mammals and birds. While most animals interact socially with conspecifics some however are also frequently and repeatedly observed to interact with other species (i.e. mutualistic interactions). This is the case of the (so-called) fish clients that seek to be cleaned by other fish (the cleaners). Clients face an interesting challenge: they raise enough motivation to suspend their daily activities as to selectively visit and engage in interactions with cleaners. Here we aimed, for the first time, to investigate the region-specific brain monoaminergic level differences arising from individual client fish when facing a cleaner (interspecific context) compared to those introduced to another conspecific (socio-conspecific context). We show that monoaminergic activity differences occurring at two main brain regions, the diencephalon and the forebrain, are associated with fish clients’ social and mutualistic activities. Our results are the first demonstration that monoaminergic mechanisms underlie client fish mutualistic engagement with cleanerfish. These pathways should function as a pre-requisite for cleaning to occur, providing to clients the cognitive and physiological tools to seek to be cleaned.Murilo S. AbreuJoão P. M. MessiasPer-Ove ThörnqvistSvante WinbergMarta C. SoaresNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Murilo S. Abreu João P. M. Messias Per-Ove Thörnqvist Svante Winberg Marta C. Soares Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish
description	Abstract Social interactions are commonly found among fish as in mammals and birds. While most animals interact socially with conspecifics some however are also frequently and repeatedly observed to interact with other species (i.e. mutualistic interactions). This is the case of the (so-called) fish clients that seek to be cleaned by other fish (the cleaners). Clients face an interesting challenge: they raise enough motivation to suspend their daily activities as to selectively visit and engage in interactions with cleaners. Here we aimed, for the first time, to investigate the region-specific brain monoaminergic level differences arising from individual client fish when facing a cleaner (interspecific context) compared to those introduced to another conspecific (socio-conspecific context). We show that monoaminergic activity differences occurring at two main brain regions, the diencephalon and the forebrain, are associated with fish clients’ social and mutualistic activities. Our results are the first demonstration that monoaminergic mechanisms underlie client fish mutualistic engagement with cleanerfish. These pathways should function as a pre-requisite for cleaning to occur, providing to clients the cognitive and physiological tools to seek to be cleaned.
format	article
author	Murilo S. Abreu João P. M. Messias Per-Ove Thörnqvist Svante Winberg Marta C. Soares
author_facet	Murilo S. Abreu João P. M. Messias Per-Ove Thörnqvist Svante Winberg Marta C. Soares
author_sort	Murilo S. Abreu
title	Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish
title_short	Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish
title_full	Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish
title_fullStr	Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish
title_full_unstemmed	Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish
title_sort	monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/a6601ba58dff450a9a24f6592da671ca
work_keys_str_mv	AT murilosabreu monoaminergiclevelsattheforebrainanddiencephalonsignalfortheoccurrenceofmutualisticandconspecificengagementinclientreeffish AT joaopmmessias monoaminergiclevelsattheforebrainanddiencephalonsignalfortheoccurrenceofmutualisticandconspecificengagementinclientreeffish AT perovethornqvist monoaminergiclevelsattheforebrainanddiencephalonsignalfortheoccurrenceofmutualisticandconspecificengagementinclientreeffish AT svantewinberg monoaminergiclevelsattheforebrainanddiencephalonsignalfortheoccurrenceofmutualisticandconspecificengagementinclientreeffish AT martacsoares monoaminergiclevelsattheforebrainanddiencephalonsignalfortheoccurrenceofmutualisticandconspecificengagementinclientreeffish
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Monoaminergic levels at the forebrain and diencephalon signal for the occurrence of mutualistic and conspecific engagement in client reef fish

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