No Change of <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> Pneumonia after the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multicenter Time-Series Analyses
Consolidated infection control measures imposed by the government and hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a sharp decline of respiratory viruses. Based on the issue of whether <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> could be transmitted by airborne and acquired from the environment, we...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/a6778ad267e04bb5acbe2f2c182b89eb |
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| Sumario: | Consolidated infection control measures imposed by the government and hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a sharp decline of respiratory viruses. Based on the issue of whether <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> could be transmitted by airborne and acquired from the environment, we assessed changes in <i>P. jirovecii</i> pneumonia (PCP) cases in a hospital setting before and after COVID-19. We retrospectively collected data of PCP-confirmed inpatients aged ≥18 years (<i>N</i> = 2922) in four university-affiliated hospitals between January 2015 and June 2021. The index and intervention dates were defined as the first time of <i>P. jirovecii</i> diagnosis and January 2020, respectively. We predicted PCP cases for post-COVID-19 and obtained the difference (residuals) between forecasted and observed cases using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and the Bayesian structural time-series (BSTS) models. Overall, the average of observed PCP cases per month in each year were 36.1 and 47.3 for pre- and post-COVID-19, respectively. The estimate for residuals in the ARIMA model was not significantly different in the total PCP-confirmed inpatients (7.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.765). The forecasted PCP cases by the BSTS model were not significantly different from the observed cases in the post-COVID-19 (−0.6%, 95% credible interval; −9.6~9.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.450). The unprecedented strict non-pharmacological interventions did not affect PCP cases. |
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