Alternative Splicing of <i>TaGS3</i> Differentially Regulates Grain Weight and Size in Bread Wheat
The heterotrimeric G-protein mediates growth and development by perceiving and transmitting signals in multiple organisms. Alternative splicing (AS), a vital process for regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, plays a significant role in plant adaptation and evolution. Here, we...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/a6d7be55fa5448728a7d993e79bcfa2b |
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| Sumario: | The heterotrimeric G-protein mediates growth and development by perceiving and transmitting signals in multiple organisms. Alternative splicing (AS), a vital process for regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, plays a significant role in plant adaptation and evolution. Here, we identified five splicing variants of G<sub>γ</sub> subunit gene <i>TaGS3</i> (<i>TaGS3.1</i> to <i>TaGS3.5</i>), which showed expression divergence during wheat polyploidization, and differential function in grain weight and size determination. <i>TaGS3.1</i> overexpression significantly reduced grain weight by 5.89% and grain length by 5.04%, while <i>TaGS3.2</i>–<i>3.4</i> overexpression did not significantly alter grain size compared to wild type. Overexpressing <i>TaGS3.5</i> significantly increased the grain weight by 5.70% and grain length by 4.30%. Biochemical assays revealed that <i>TaGS3</i> isoforms (TaGS3.1–3.4) with an intact OSR domain interact with WGB1 to form active G<sub>βγ</sub> heterodimers that further interact with WGA1 to form inactive G<sub>αβγ</sub> heterotrimers. Truncated isoforms <i>TaGS3.2–3.4</i> , which lack the C-terminal Cys-rich region but have enhanced binding affinity to WGB1, antagonistically compete with <i>TaGS3.1</i> to bind WGB1, while <i>TaGS3.5</i> with an incomplete OSR domain does not interact with WGB1. Taking these observations together, we proposed that <i>TaGS3</i> differentially regulates grain size via AS, providing a strategy by which the grain size is fine-tuned and regulated at the post-transcriptional level. |
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