Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging

Maryam Ejareh dar, Richard AA Kanaan Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia Abstract: Conversion disorder (CD) is a syndrome of neurological symptoms arising without organic cause, arguably in response to emotional stress, but the exact neural su...

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Autores principales:	Ejareh dar M, Kanaan RAA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	Conversion Disorder Neuroimaging Functional neurology Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a6e1d1b1c9634cd4b578cccdd7c975f7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a6e1d1b1c9634cd4b578cccdd7c975f72021-12-02T02:56:05ZUncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/a6e1d1b1c9634cd4b578cccdd7c975f72016-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/uncovering-the-etiology-of-conversion-disorder-insights-from-functiona-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Maryam Ejareh dar, Richard AA Kanaan Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia Abstract: Conversion disorder (CD) is a syndrome of neurological symptoms arising without organic cause, arguably in response to emotional stress, but the exact neural substrates of these symptoms and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood with the hunt for a biological basis afoot for centuries. In the past 15 years, novel insights have been gained with the advent of functional neuroimaging studies in patients suffering from CDs in both motor and nonmotor domains. This review summarizes recent functional neuroimaging studies including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET) to see whether they bring us closer to understanding the etiology of CD. Convergent functional neuroimaging findings suggest alterations in brain circuits that could point to different mechanisms for manifesting functional neurological symptoms, in contrast with feigning or healthy controls. Abnormalities in emotion processing and in emotion-motor processing suggest a diathesis, while differential reactions to certain stressors implicate a specific response to trauma. No comprehensive theory emerges from these clues, and all results remain preliminary, but functional neuroimaging has at least given grounds for hope that a model for CD may soon be found. Keywords: conversion disorder, neuroimaging, functional neurology, hysteria, mechanisms Ejareh dar MKanaan RAADove Medical PressarticleConversion DisorderNeuroimagingFunctional neurologyNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2016, Iss Issue 1, Pp 143-153 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Conversion Disorder Neuroimaging Functional neurology Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Conversion Disorder Neuroimaging Functional neurology Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Ejareh dar M Kanaan RAA Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging
description	Maryam Ejareh dar, Richard AA Kanaan Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia Abstract: Conversion disorder (CD) is a syndrome of neurological symptoms arising without organic cause, arguably in response to emotional stress, but the exact neural substrates of these symptoms and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood with the hunt for a biological basis afoot for centuries. In the past 15 years, novel insights have been gained with the advent of functional neuroimaging studies in patients suffering from CDs in both motor and nonmotor domains. This review summarizes recent functional neuroimaging studies including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET) to see whether they bring us closer to understanding the etiology of CD. Convergent functional neuroimaging findings suggest alterations in brain circuits that could point to different mechanisms for manifesting functional neurological symptoms, in contrast with feigning or healthy controls. Abnormalities in emotion processing and in emotion-motor processing suggest a diathesis, while differential reactions to certain stressors implicate a specific response to trauma. No comprehensive theory emerges from these clues, and all results remain preliminary, but functional neuroimaging has at least given grounds for hope that a model for CD may soon be found. Keywords: conversion disorder, neuroimaging, functional neurology, hysteria, mechanisms
format	article
author	Ejareh dar M Kanaan RAA
author_facet	Ejareh dar M Kanaan RAA
author_sort	Ejareh dar M
title	Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging
title_short	Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging
title_full	Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging
title_fullStr	Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging
title_full_unstemmed	Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging
title_sort	uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/a6e1d1b1c9634cd4b578cccdd7c975f7
work_keys_str_mv	AT ejarehdarm uncoveringtheetiologyofconversiondisorderinsightsfromfunctionalneuroimaging AT kanaanraa uncoveringtheetiologyofconversiondisorderinsightsfromfunctionalneuroimaging
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Uncovering the etiology of conversion disorder: insights from functional neuroimaging

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