Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide

Abstract After hatch, second-stage juveniles (J2) of root-knot (Meloidogyne species) nematodes could spend at least 12 weeks in soil solutions searching for penetration sites of suitable host plants. The external covering of nematodes, the cuticle, consists of various layers that contain glycoprotei...

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Autores principales:	Phatu W. Mashela, Ebrahim Shokoohi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a6e73accdd6c4915917521dd1e08a00c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a6e73accdd6c4915917521dd1e08a00c2021-12-02T14:01:19ZMorphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide10.1038/s41598-020-80210-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a6e73accdd6c4915917521dd1e08a00c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80210-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract After hatch, second-stage juveniles (J2) of root-knot (Meloidogyne species) nematodes could spend at least 12 weeks in soil solutions searching for penetration sites of suitable host plants. The external covering of nematodes, the cuticle, consists of various layers that contain glycoproteins, lipids, soluble proteins (collagens) and insoluble proteins (cuticulins). Generally, cucurbitacins are lipophilic, but there is scant information on how cuticular proteins relate to these complex terpenoids. A study was conducted to investigate the nature and extent of damage post-exposure of J2 to a wide range of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide concentrations. Post-72 h exposure to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide, nematode morphometrics versus phytonematicides exhibited either negative quadratic, positive quadratic, or negative linear relations, with the models explained by significant (P < 0.05) associations (R-squared). Similarly, total proteins versus phytonematicide exhibited significant negative quadratic relations. The principal component analysis indicated that concentration level of 2–4% of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide have the highest impact on the morphometric changes of J2. In conclusion, the nature and extent of damage suggested that Nemafric-BL phytonematicide was highly nematicidal as opposed to being nematostatic, thereby explaining its potent suppressive effects on nematode population densities.Phatu W. MashelaEbrahim ShokoohiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Phatu W. Mashela Ebrahim Shokoohi Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide
description	Abstract After hatch, second-stage juveniles (J2) of root-knot (Meloidogyne species) nematodes could spend at least 12 weeks in soil solutions searching for penetration sites of suitable host plants. The external covering of nematodes, the cuticle, consists of various layers that contain glycoproteins, lipids, soluble proteins (collagens) and insoluble proteins (cuticulins). Generally, cucurbitacins are lipophilic, but there is scant information on how cuticular proteins relate to these complex terpenoids. A study was conducted to investigate the nature and extent of damage post-exposure of J2 to a wide range of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide concentrations. Post-72 h exposure to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide, nematode morphometrics versus phytonematicides exhibited either negative quadratic, positive quadratic, or negative linear relations, with the models explained by significant (P < 0.05) associations (R-squared). Similarly, total proteins versus phytonematicide exhibited significant negative quadratic relations. The principal component analysis indicated that concentration level of 2–4% of Nemafric-BL phytonematicide have the highest impact on the morphometric changes of J2. In conclusion, the nature and extent of damage suggested that Nemafric-BL phytonematicide was highly nematicidal as opposed to being nematostatic, thereby explaining its potent suppressive effects on nematode population densities.
format	article
author	Phatu W. Mashela Ebrahim Shokoohi
author_facet	Phatu W. Mashela Ebrahim Shokoohi
author_sort	Phatu W. Mashela
title	Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide
title_short	Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide
title_full	Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide
title_fullStr	Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide
title_full_unstemmed	Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide
title_sort	morphometric and total protein responses in meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to nemafric-bl phytonematicide
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a6e73accdd6c4915917521dd1e08a00c
work_keys_str_mv	AT phatuwmashela morphometricandtotalproteinresponsesinmeloidogyneincognitasecondstagejuvenilestonemafricblphytonematicide AT ebrahimshokoohi morphometricandtotalproteinresponsesinmeloidogyneincognitasecondstagejuvenilestonemafricblphytonematicide
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Morphometric and total protein responses in Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles to Nemafric-BL phytonematicide

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