Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li7La3Zr2O12 Solid Electrolytes

Solid electrolyte is the key component in all-solid-state batteries (ASBs). It is required in electrodes to enhance Li-conductivity and can be directly used as a separator. With its high Li-conductivity and chemical stability towards metallic lithium, lithium-stuffed garnet material Li7&l...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Markus Mann, Michael Küpers, Grit Häuschen, Martin Finsterbusch, Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing, Olivier Guillon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	all-solid-state battery ceramic solid electrolyte LLZO scale-up Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a747b39944454088a91116b1c1fd9a72
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:a747b39944454088a91116b1c1fd9a72
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a747b39944454088a91116b1c1fd9a722021-11-25T18:13:45ZEvaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes10.3390/ma142268091996-1944https://doaj.org/article/a747b39944454088a91116b1c1fd9a722021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6809https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Solid electrolyte is the key component in all-solid-state batteries (ASBs). It is required in electrodes to enhance Li-conductivity and can be directly used as a separator. With its high Li-conductivity and chemical stability towards metallic lithium, lithium-stuffed garnet material Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LLZO) is considered one of the most promising solid electrolyte materials for high-energy ceramic ASBs. However, in order to obtain high conductivities, rare-earth elements such as tantalum or niobium are used to stabilize the highly conductive cubic phase. This stabilization can also be obtained via high levels of aluminum, reducing the cost of LLZO but also reducing processability and the Li-conductivity. To find the sweet spot for a potential market introduction of garnet-based solid-state batteries, scalable and industrially usable syntheses of LLZO with high processability and good conductivity are indispensable. In this study, four different synthesis methods (solid-state reaction (SSR), solution-assisted solid-state reaction (SASSR), co-precipitation (CP), and spray-drying (SD)) were used and compared for the synthesis of aluminum-substituted LLZO (Al:LLZO, Li<sub>6.4</sub>Al<sub>0.2</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub>), focusing on electrochemical performance on the one hand and scalability and environmental footprint on the other hand. The synthesis was successful via all four methods, resulting in a Li-ion conductivity of 2.0–3.3 × 10<sup>−4</sup> S/cm. By using wet-chemical synthesis methods, the calcination time could be reduced from two calcination steps for 20 h at 850 °C and 1000 °C to only 1 h at 1000 °C for the spray-drying method. We were able to scale the synthesis up to a kg-scale and show the potential of the different synthesis methods for mass production.Markus MannMichael KüpersGrit HäuschenMartin FinsterbuschDina Fattakhova-RohlfingOlivier GuillonMDPI AGarticleall-solid-state batteryceramic solid electrolyteLLZOscale-upTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6809, p 6809 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	all-solid-state battery ceramic solid electrolyte LLZO scale-up Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	all-solid-state battery ceramic solid electrolyte LLZO scale-up Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Markus Mann Michael Küpers Grit Häuschen Martin Finsterbusch Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing Olivier Guillon Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes
description	Solid electrolyte is the key component in all-solid-state batteries (ASBs). It is required in electrodes to enhance Li-conductivity and can be directly used as a separator. With its high Li-conductivity and chemical stability towards metallic lithium, lithium-stuffed garnet material Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LLZO) is considered one of the most promising solid electrolyte materials for high-energy ceramic ASBs. However, in order to obtain high conductivities, rare-earth elements such as tantalum or niobium are used to stabilize the highly conductive cubic phase. This stabilization can also be obtained via high levels of aluminum, reducing the cost of LLZO but also reducing processability and the Li-conductivity. To find the sweet spot for a potential market introduction of garnet-based solid-state batteries, scalable and industrially usable syntheses of LLZO with high processability and good conductivity are indispensable. In this study, four different synthesis methods (solid-state reaction (SSR), solution-assisted solid-state reaction (SASSR), co-precipitation (CP), and spray-drying (SD)) were used and compared for the synthesis of aluminum-substituted LLZO (Al:LLZO, Li<sub>6.4</sub>Al<sub>0.2</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub>), focusing on electrochemical performance on the one hand and scalability and environmental footprint on the other hand. The synthesis was successful via all four methods, resulting in a Li-ion conductivity of 2.0–3.3 × 10<sup>−4</sup> S/cm. By using wet-chemical synthesis methods, the calcination time could be reduced from two calcination steps for 20 h at 850 °C and 1000 °C to only 1 h at 1000 °C for the spray-drying method. We were able to scale the synthesis up to a kg-scale and show the potential of the different synthesis methods for mass production.
format	article
author	Markus Mann Michael Küpers Grit Häuschen Martin Finsterbusch Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing Olivier Guillon
author_facet	Markus Mann Michael Küpers Grit Häuschen Martin Finsterbusch Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing Olivier Guillon
author_sort	Markus Mann
title	Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes
title_short	Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes
title_full	Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes
title_fullStr	Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes
title_sort	evaluation of scalable synthesis methods for aluminum-substituted li<sub>7</sub>la<sub>3</sub>zr<sub>2</sub>o<sub>12</sub> solid electrolytes
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a747b39944454088a91116b1c1fd9a72
work_keys_str_mv	AT markusmann evaluationofscalablesynthesismethodsforaluminumsubstitutedlisub7sublasub3subzrsub2subosub12subsolidelectrolytes AT michaelkupers evaluationofscalablesynthesismethodsforaluminumsubstitutedlisub7sublasub3subzrsub2subosub12subsolidelectrolytes AT grithauschen evaluationofscalablesynthesismethodsforaluminumsubstitutedlisub7sublasub3subzrsub2subosub12subsolidelectrolytes AT martinfinsterbusch evaluationofscalablesynthesismethodsforaluminumsubstitutedlisub7sublasub3subzrsub2subosub12subsolidelectrolytes AT dinafattakhovarohlfing evaluationofscalablesynthesismethodsforaluminumsubstitutedlisub7sublasub3subzrsub2subosub12subsolidelectrolytes AT olivierguillon evaluationofscalablesynthesismethodsforaluminumsubstitutedlisub7sublasub3subzrsub2subosub12subsolidelectrolytes
_version_	1718411456905478144

Evaluation of Scalable Synthesis Methods for Aluminum-Substituted Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> Solid Electrolytes

Ejemplares similares