Sports Medicine in Transition

In the last decade, scientists have accumulated increasing evidence showing that the human gut microbiota, i.e. the ensemble of bacteria symbiotically living in the intestinal lumen of every individual, is involved in many aspects of human physiology and, possibly, disease. In fact, specific alterat...

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Autores principales:	Ticinesi A, 2, Tana C, Nouvenne A, Meschi T
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	DE EN
Publicado:	Dynamic Media Sales Verlag 2018
Materias:	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a7504eba0daf4ec6b87d4a0cad548f99
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a7504eba0daf4ec6b87d4a0cad548f992021-11-16T19:01:41ZSports Medicine in Transition0344-59252510-526410.5960/dzsm.2018.355https://doaj.org/article/a7504eba0daf4ec6b87d4a0cad548f992018-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.germanjournalsportsmedicine.com/archiv/archiv-2018/issue-12/human-gut-microbiome-the-hypothesis-of-a-gut-muscle-axis-in-the-elderly/https://doaj.org/toc/0344-5925https://doaj.org/toc/2510-5264In the last decade, scientists have accumulated increasing evidence showing that the human gut microbiota, i.e. the ensemble of bacteria symbiotically living in the intestinal lumen of every individual, is involved in many aspects of human physiology and, possibly, disease. In fact, specific alterations of the gut microbiota, generally referred with the term of dysbiosis, have been detected in a large number of acute and chronic diseases, not involving only gastroenteric system. The microbiota may exert its influence on distant organs with multiple mechanisms, involving modulation of inflammation, anabolism, insulin sensitivity, bioavailability of nutrients, release of toxins, and metabolically active mediators. In this short review, we summarize the basis of the gut-muscle axis hypothesis, that is, the possible influence exerted by gut microbiota composition on skeletal muscle metabolism and function. This hypothesis is particularly focused on the pathophysiology of sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and function associated with a large number of adverse outcomes in older people. Although no human studies support the possible involvement of gut microbiota in the onset of sarcopenia, some studies performed on mouse models seem to support the assumption that the age-related decline in muscle mass and function is associated with a distinct gut microbiota composition towards dysbiosis. More studies should thus investigate the possible connections between gut microbiota and muscle health. KEY WORDS: Microbiota, Sarcopenia, Mobility Limitations, Aging, Inflammation, Muscle Mass, Muscle FunctionTicinesi A2Tana CNouvenne AMeschi T2Dynamic Media Sales VerlagarticleSports medicineRC1200-1245DEENDeutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin, Vol 69, Iss 12 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	DE EN
topic	Sports medicine RC1200-1245
spellingShingle	Sports medicine RC1200-1245 Ticinesi A 2 Tana C Nouvenne A Meschi T 2 Sports Medicine in Transition
description	In the last decade, scientists have accumulated increasing evidence showing that the human gut microbiota, i.e. the ensemble of bacteria symbiotically living in the intestinal lumen of every individual, is involved in many aspects of human physiology and, possibly, disease. In fact, specific alterations of the gut microbiota, generally referred with the term of dysbiosis, have been detected in a large number of acute and chronic diseases, not involving only gastroenteric system. The microbiota may exert its influence on distant organs with multiple mechanisms, involving modulation of inflammation, anabolism, insulin sensitivity, bioavailability of nutrients, release of toxins, and metabolically active mediators. In this short review, we summarize the basis of the gut-muscle axis hypothesis, that is, the possible influence exerted by gut microbiota composition on skeletal muscle metabolism and function. This hypothesis is particularly focused on the pathophysiology of sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and function associated with a large number of adverse outcomes in older people. Although no human studies support the possible involvement of gut microbiota in the onset of sarcopenia, some studies performed on mouse models seem to support the assumption that the age-related decline in muscle mass and function is associated with a distinct gut microbiota composition towards dysbiosis. More studies should thus investigate the possible connections between gut microbiota and muscle health. KEY WORDS: Microbiota, Sarcopenia, Mobility Limitations, Aging, Inflammation, Muscle Mass, Muscle Function
format	article
author	Ticinesi A 2 Tana C Nouvenne A Meschi T 2
author_facet	Ticinesi A 2 Tana C Nouvenne A Meschi T 2
author_sort	Ticinesi A
title	Sports Medicine in Transition
title_short	Sports Medicine in Transition
title_full	Sports Medicine in Transition
title_fullStr	Sports Medicine in Transition
title_full_unstemmed	Sports Medicine in Transition
title_sort	sports medicine in transition
publisher	Dynamic Media Sales Verlag
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/a7504eba0daf4ec6b87d4a0cad548f99
work_keys_str_mv	AT ticinesia sportsmedicineintransition AT 2 sportsmedicineintransition AT tanac sportsmedicineintransition AT nouvennea sportsmedicineintransition AT meschit sportsmedicineintransition AT 2 sportsmedicineintransition
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Sports Medicine in Transition

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