Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) worldwide has become a burden to healthcare systems. In 2019, around 463 million adults were living with diabetes mellitus, and T2DM accounted for 90 to 95% of cases. The relationship between the gut m...

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Autores principales:	Rafael Ballan, Susana Marta Isay Saad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	diabetes <i>mellitus</i> type 2 gut microbiota microbial metabolites dysbiosis probiotics Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a75fad019e164ada807b69a3557f7c63
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a75fad019e164ada807b69a3557f7c632021-11-25T17:32:06ZCharacteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>10.3390/foods101125282304-8158https://doaj.org/article/a75fad019e164ada807b69a3557f7c632021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2528https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes <i>mellitus</i> (T2DM) worldwide has become a burden to healthcare systems. In 2019, around 463 million adults were living with diabetes <i>mellitus</i>, and T2DM accounted for 90 to 95% of cases. The relationship between the gut microbiota and T2DM has been explored with the advent of metagenomic techniques. Genome-wide association studies evaluating the microbiota of these individuals have pointed to taxonomic, functional, and microbial metabolite imbalances and represent a potential intervention in T2DM management. Several microbial metabolites and components, such as imidazole propionate, trimethylamine, and lipopolysaccharides, appear to impair insulin signaling, while short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, and tryptophan metabolites may improve it. In addition, the use of probiotics with the aim of transiently restoring the microbial balance or reducing the effects of microbial metabolites that impair insulin sensitivity has been explored. Herein, we critically review the available literature on the changes in the gut microbiota in T2DM together with potential adjuvant therapies that may improve the health status of this population.Rafael BallanSusana Marta Isay SaadMDPI AGarticlediabetes <i>mellitus</i> type 2gut microbiotamicrobial metabolitesdysbiosisprobioticsChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2528, p 2528 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	diabetes <i>mellitus</i> type 2 gut microbiota microbial metabolites dysbiosis probiotics Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	diabetes <i>mellitus</i> type 2 gut microbiota microbial metabolites dysbiosis probiotics Chemical technology TP1-1185 Rafael Ballan Susana Marta Isay Saad Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>
description	The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes <i>mellitus</i> (T2DM) worldwide has become a burden to healthcare systems. In 2019, around 463 million adults were living with diabetes <i>mellitus</i>, and T2DM accounted for 90 to 95% of cases. The relationship between the gut microbiota and T2DM has been explored with the advent of metagenomic techniques. Genome-wide association studies evaluating the microbiota of these individuals have pointed to taxonomic, functional, and microbial metabolite imbalances and represent a potential intervention in T2DM management. Several microbial metabolites and components, such as imidazole propionate, trimethylamine, and lipopolysaccharides, appear to impair insulin signaling, while short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, and tryptophan metabolites may improve it. In addition, the use of probiotics with the aim of transiently restoring the microbial balance or reducing the effects of microbial metabolites that impair insulin sensitivity has been explored. Herein, we critically review the available literature on the changes in the gut microbiota in T2DM together with potential adjuvant therapies that may improve the health status of this population.
format	article
author	Rafael Ballan Susana Marta Isay Saad
author_facet	Rafael Ballan Susana Marta Isay Saad
author_sort	Rafael Ballan
title	Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>
title_short	Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>
title_full	Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>
title_fullStr	Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>
title_sort	characteristics of the gut microbiota and potential effects of probiotic supplements in individuals with type 2 diabetes <i>mellitus</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a75fad019e164ada807b69a3557f7c63
work_keys_str_mv	AT rafaelballan characteristicsofthegutmicrobiotaandpotentialeffectsofprobioticsupplementsinindividualswithtype2diabetesimellitusi AT susanamartaisaysaad characteristicsofthegutmicrobiotaandpotentialeffectsofprobioticsupplementsinindividualswithtype2diabetesimellitusi
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Characteristics of the Gut Microbiota and Potential Effects of Probiotic Supplements in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes <i>mellitus</i>

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