Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors

Knowledge of demography is essential for understanding wildlife population dynamics and developing appropriate conservation plans. However, population survey and demographic data (e.g., capture-recapture) are not always aligned in space and time, hindering our ability to robustly estimate population...

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Autores principales:	Qing Zhao, Kristen Heath-Acre, Daniel Collins, Warren Conway, Mitch D. Weegman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Climate change Conservation Data integration Demography Human stressor Imbalanced sampling Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a764b20e249c457abd9c9ff9e86314a2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a764b20e249c457abd9c9ff9e86314a22021-11-17T15:05:16ZIntegrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors10.7717/peerj.124752167-8359https://doaj.org/article/a764b20e249c457abd9c9ff9e86314a22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12475.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12475/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359Knowledge of demography is essential for understanding wildlife population dynamics and developing appropriate conservation plans. However, population survey and demographic data (e.g., capture-recapture) are not always aligned in space and time, hindering our ability to robustly estimate population size and demographic processes. Integrated population models (IPMs) can provide inference for population dynamics with poorly aligned but jointly analysed population and demographic data. In this study, we used an IPM to analyse partially aligned population and demographic data of a migratory shorebird species, the snowy plover (Charadrius nivosus). Snowy plover populations have declined dramatically during the last two decades, yet the demographic mechanisms and environmental drivers of these declines remain poorly understood, hindering development of appropriate conservation strategies. We analysed 21 years (1998–2018) of partially aligned population survey, nest survey, and capture-recapture-resight data in three snowy plover populations (i.e., Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma) in the Southern Great Plains of the US. By using IPMs we aimed to achieve better precision while evaluating the effects of wetland habitat and climatic factors (minimum temperature, wind speed) on snowy plover demography. Our IPM provided reasonable precision for productivity measures even with missing data, but population and survival estimates had greater uncertainty in years without corresponding data. Our model also uncovered the complex relationships between wetland habitat, climate, and demography with reasonable precision. Wetland habitat had positive effects on snowy plover productivity (i.e., clutch size and clutch fate), indicating the importance of protecting wetland habitat under climate change and other human stressors for the conservation of this species. We also found a positive effect of minimum temperature on snowy plover productivity, indicating potential benefits of warmth during night on their population. Based on our results, we suggest prioritizing population and capture-recapture surveys for understanding population dynamics and underlying demographic processes when data collection is limited by time and/or financial resources. Our modelling approach can be used to allocate limited conservation resources for evidence-based decision-making.Qing ZhaoKristen Heath-AcreDaniel CollinsWarren ConwayMitch D. WeegmanPeerJ Inc.articleClimate changeConservationData integrationDemographyHuman stressorImbalanced samplingMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12475 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Climate change Conservation Data integration Demography Human stressor Imbalanced sampling Medicine R
spellingShingle	Climate change Conservation Data integration Demography Human stressor Imbalanced sampling Medicine R Qing Zhao Kristen Heath-Acre Daniel Collins Warren Conway Mitch D. Weegman Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
description	Knowledge of demography is essential for understanding wildlife population dynamics and developing appropriate conservation plans. However, population survey and demographic data (e.g., capture-recapture) are not always aligned in space and time, hindering our ability to robustly estimate population size and demographic processes. Integrated population models (IPMs) can provide inference for population dynamics with poorly aligned but jointly analysed population and demographic data. In this study, we used an IPM to analyse partially aligned population and demographic data of a migratory shorebird species, the snowy plover (Charadrius nivosus). Snowy plover populations have declined dramatically during the last two decades, yet the demographic mechanisms and environmental drivers of these declines remain poorly understood, hindering development of appropriate conservation strategies. We analysed 21 years (1998–2018) of partially aligned population survey, nest survey, and capture-recapture-resight data in three snowy plover populations (i.e., Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma) in the Southern Great Plains of the US. By using IPMs we aimed to achieve better precision while evaluating the effects of wetland habitat and climatic factors (minimum temperature, wind speed) on snowy plover demography. Our IPM provided reasonable precision for productivity measures even with missing data, but population and survival estimates had greater uncertainty in years without corresponding data. Our model also uncovered the complex relationships between wetland habitat, climate, and demography with reasonable precision. Wetland habitat had positive effects on snowy plover productivity (i.e., clutch size and clutch fate), indicating the importance of protecting wetland habitat under climate change and other human stressors for the conservation of this species. We also found a positive effect of minimum temperature on snowy plover productivity, indicating potential benefits of warmth during night on their population. Based on our results, we suggest prioritizing population and capture-recapture surveys for understanding population dynamics and underlying demographic processes when data collection is limited by time and/or financial resources. Our modelling approach can be used to allocate limited conservation resources for evidence-based decision-making.
format	article
author	Qing Zhao Kristen Heath-Acre Daniel Collins Warren Conway Mitch D. Weegman
author_facet	Qing Zhao Kristen Heath-Acre Daniel Collins Warren Conway Mitch D. Weegman
author_sort	Qing Zhao
title	Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
title_short	Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
title_full	Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
title_fullStr	Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
title_full_unstemmed	Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
title_sort	integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a764b20e249c457abd9c9ff9e86314a2
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Integrated population modelling reveals potential drivers of demography from partially aligned data: a case study of snowy plover declines under human stressors

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