Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies

Acidification (OA), a global threat to the world’s oceans, is projected to significantly grow if CO<sub>2</sub> continues to be emitted into the atmosphere at high levels. This will result in a slight decrease in pH. Since the latter is a logarithmic scale of acidity, the higher acidic s...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Fabrice Arnaud Tegomo, Zhiwen Zhong, Achille Pandong Njomoue, Samuel Ukpong Okon, Sami Ullah, Neveen Anandi Gray, Kai Chen, Yuxiao Sun, Jinxing Xiao, Lei Wang, Ying Ye, Hui Huang, Qingjun Shao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	climate change growth performance histology metabolic acidosis microvilli atrophy ocean acidification Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a768243f75c841008d5c09b1e32caac8
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:a768243f75c841008d5c09b1e32caac8
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a768243f75c841008d5c09b1e32caac82021-11-25T16:16:01ZExperimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies10.3390/ani111131192076-2615https://doaj.org/article/a768243f75c841008d5c09b1e32caac82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3119https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615Acidification (OA), a global threat to the world’s oceans, is projected to significantly grow if CO<sub>2</sub> continues to be emitted into the atmosphere at high levels. This will result in a slight decrease in pH. Since the latter is a logarithmic scale of acidity, the higher acidic seawater is expected to have a tremendous impact on marine living resources in the long-term. An 8-week laboratory experiment was designed to assess the impact of the projected pH in 2100 and beyond on fish survival, health, growth, and fish meat quality. Two projected scenarios were simulated with the control treatment, in triplicates. The control treatment had a pH of 8.10, corresponding to a pCO<sub>2</sub> of 321.37 ± 11.48 µatm. The two projected scenarios, named Predict_A and Predict_B, had pH values of 7.80-pCO<sub>2</sub> = 749.12 ± 27.03 and 7.40-pCO<sub>2</sub> = 321.37 ± 11.48 µatm, respectively. The experiment was preceded by 2 weeks of acclimation. After the acclimation, 20 juvenile black sea breams (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>) of 2.72 ± 0.01 g were used per tank. This species has been selected mainly due to its very high resistance to diseases and environmental changes, assuming that a weaker fish resistance will also be susceptibly affected. In all tanks, the fish were fed with the same commercial diet. The seawater’s physicochemical parameters were measured daily. Fish samples were subjected to physiological, histological, and biochemical analyses. Fish growth, feeding efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and crude protein content were significantly decreased with a lower pH. Scanning electron microscopy revealed multiple atrophies of microvilli throughout the small intestine’s brush border in samples from Predict_A and Predict_B. This significantly reduced nutrient absorption, resulting in significantly lower feed efficiency, lower fish growth, and lower meat quality. As a result of an elevated pCO<sub>2</sub> in seawater, the fish eat more than normal but grow less than normal. Liver observation showed blood congestion, hemorrhage, necrosis, vacuolation of hepatocytes, and an increased number of Kupffer cells, which characterize liver damage. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an elongated and angular shape of the mitochondrion in the liver cell, with an abundance of peroxisomes, symptomatic of metabolic acidosis.Fabrice Arnaud TegomoZhiwen ZhongAchille Pandong NjomoueSamuel Ukpong OkonSami UllahNeveen Anandi GrayKai ChenYuxiao SunJinxing XiaoLei WangYing YeHui HuangQingjun ShaoMDPI AGarticleclimate changegrowth performancehistologymetabolic acidosismicrovilli atrophyocean acidificationVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3119, p 3119 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	climate change growth performance histology metabolic acidosis microvilli atrophy ocean acidification Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	climate change growth performance histology metabolic acidosis microvilli atrophy ocean acidification Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Fabrice Arnaud Tegomo Zhiwen Zhong Achille Pandong Njomoue Samuel Ukpong Okon Sami Ullah Neveen Anandi Gray Kai Chen Yuxiao Sun Jinxing Xiao Lei Wang Ying Ye Hui Huang Qingjun Shao Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies
description	Acidification (OA), a global threat to the world’s oceans, is projected to significantly grow if CO<sub>2</sub> continues to be emitted into the atmosphere at high levels. This will result in a slight decrease in pH. Since the latter is a logarithmic scale of acidity, the higher acidic seawater is expected to have a tremendous impact on marine living resources in the long-term. An 8-week laboratory experiment was designed to assess the impact of the projected pH in 2100 and beyond on fish survival, health, growth, and fish meat quality. Two projected scenarios were simulated with the control treatment, in triplicates. The control treatment had a pH of 8.10, corresponding to a pCO<sub>2</sub> of 321.37 ± 11.48 µatm. The two projected scenarios, named Predict_A and Predict_B, had pH values of 7.80-pCO<sub>2</sub> = 749.12 ± 27.03 and 7.40-pCO<sub>2</sub> = 321.37 ± 11.48 µatm, respectively. The experiment was preceded by 2 weeks of acclimation. After the acclimation, 20 juvenile black sea breams (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>) of 2.72 ± 0.01 g were used per tank. This species has been selected mainly due to its very high resistance to diseases and environmental changes, assuming that a weaker fish resistance will also be susceptibly affected. In all tanks, the fish were fed with the same commercial diet. The seawater’s physicochemical parameters were measured daily. Fish samples were subjected to physiological, histological, and biochemical analyses. Fish growth, feeding efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and crude protein content were significantly decreased with a lower pH. Scanning electron microscopy revealed multiple atrophies of microvilli throughout the small intestine’s brush border in samples from Predict_A and Predict_B. This significantly reduced nutrient absorption, resulting in significantly lower feed efficiency, lower fish growth, and lower meat quality. As a result of an elevated pCO<sub>2</sub> in seawater, the fish eat more than normal but grow less than normal. Liver observation showed blood congestion, hemorrhage, necrosis, vacuolation of hepatocytes, and an increased number of Kupffer cells, which characterize liver damage. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an elongated and angular shape of the mitochondrion in the liver cell, with an abundance of peroxisomes, symptomatic of metabolic acidosis.
format	article
author	Fabrice Arnaud Tegomo Zhiwen Zhong Achille Pandong Njomoue Samuel Ukpong Okon Sami Ullah Neveen Anandi Gray Kai Chen Yuxiao Sun Jinxing Xiao Lei Wang Ying Ye Hui Huang Qingjun Shao
author_facet	Fabrice Arnaud Tegomo Zhiwen Zhong Achille Pandong Njomoue Samuel Ukpong Okon Sami Ullah Neveen Anandi Gray Kai Chen Yuxiao Sun Jinxing Xiao Lei Wang Ying Ye Hui Huang Qingjun Shao
author_sort	Fabrice Arnaud Tegomo
title	Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies
title_short	Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies
title_full	Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies
title_fullStr	Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies
title_sort	experimental studies on the impact of the projected ocean acidification on fish survival, health, growth, and meat quality; black sea bream (<i>acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), physiological and histological studies
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a768243f75c841008d5c09b1e32caac8
work_keys_str_mv	AT fabricearnaudtegomo experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT zhiwenzhong experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT achillepandongnjomoue experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT samuelukpongokon experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT samiullah experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT neveenanandigray experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT kaichen experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT yuxiaosun experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT jinxingxiao experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT leiwang experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT yingye experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT huihuang experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies AT qingjunshao experimentalstudiesontheimpactoftheprojectedoceanacidificationonfishsurvivalhealthgrowthandmeatqualityblackseabreamiacanthopagrusschlegeliiiphysiologicalandhistologicalstudies
_version_	1718413274507116544

Experimental Studies on the Impact of the Projected Ocean Acidification on Fish Survival, Health, Growth, and Meat Quality; Black Sea Bream (<i>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</i>), Physiological and Histological Studies

Ejemplares similares